Related papers: Massively Parallel Causal Inference of Whole Brain…

In cryo-electron microscopy (EM), molecular structures are determined from large numbers of projection images of individual particles. To harness the full power of this single-molecule information, we use the Bayesian inference of EM…

Modern neuroscience employs in silico experimentation on ever-increasing and more detailed neural networks. The high modelling detail goes hand in hand with the need for high model reproducibility, reusability and transparency. Besides, the…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models facilitate edge deployment by decoupling model capacity from active computation, yet their large memory footprint drives the need for GPU systems with near-data processing (NDP) capabilities that offload…

High failure rates in cardiac drug development necessitate virtual clinical trials via electrocardiogram (ECG) generation to reduce risks and costs. However, existing ECG generation models struggle to balance morphological realism with…

Emulator embedded neural networks, which are a type of physics informed neural network, leverage multi-fidelity data sources for efficient design exploration of aerospace engineering systems. Multiple realizations of the neural network…

Prevailing LLM serving engines employ expert parallelism (EP) to implement multi-device inference of massive MoE models. However, the efficiency of expert parallel inference is largely bounded by inter-device communication, as EP embraces…

The family of Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithms provides a general approach to fitting flexible models for large and complex data. The expectation (E) step of EM-type algorithms is time-consuming in massive data applications because…

From ancient philosophers to modern economists, biologists, and other researchers, there has been a continuous effort to unveil causal relations. The most formidable challenge lies in deducing the nature of the causal relationship: whether…

We introduce a rapid and precise analytical approach for analyzing cerebral blood flow (CBF) using Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (DCS) with the application of the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). Our evaluation of ELM and existing…

MEG/EEG are non-invasive imaging techniques that record brain activity with high temporal resolution. However, estimation of brain source currents from surface recordings requires solving an ill-posed inverse problem. Converging lines of…

Estimating the Individual Treatment Effect from observational data, defined as the difference between outcomes with and without treatment or intervention, while observing just one of both, is a challenging problems in causal learning. In…

Existing causal discovery methods based on combinatorial optimization or search are slow, prohibiting their application on large-scale datasets. In response, more recent methods attempt to address this limitation by formulating causal…

Climate models, such as Earth system models (ESMs), are crucial for simulating future climate change based on projected Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) greenhouse gas emissions scenarios. While ESMs are sophisticated and invaluable,…

This paper presents a novel deep learning-based approach named RealDiffFusionNet incorporating Neural Controlled Differential Equations (Neural CDE) - time series models that are robust in handling irregularly sampled data - and multi-head…

Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) has developed into a prominent tool for adaptive, scale-based signal analysis in various fields like robotics, security and biomedical engineering. Since the dramatic increase in amount of data puts…

Mixture-of-Experts is a promising approach for edge AI with low-batch inference. Yet, on-device deployments often face limited on-chip memory and severe workload imbalance; the prevalent use of offloading further incurs off-chip memory…

Effective connectivity analysis in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies directional interactions among brain regions and experimental stimuli. Dynamic causal modeling (DCM) is a widely used method to estimate effective…

Dynamic Causal Modelling (DCM) is the predominant method for inferring effective connectivity from neuroimaging data. In the 15 years since its introduction, the neural models and statistical routines in DCM have developed in parallel,…

Machine learning for scientific applications faces the challenge of limited data. We propose a framework that leverages a priori known physics to reduce overfitting when training on relatively small datasets. A deep neural network is…

We present a computational modeling framework for data-driven simulations and analysis of infectious disease spread in large populations. For the purpose of efficient simulations, we devise a parallel solution algorithm targeting…