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Elections are not the only but arguably one of the most important pillars for the proper functioning of liberal democracies. Recent evidence across the globe shows that it is not straightforward to conduct them in a free and fair manner.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Uwe Serdült

Sensor data in IoT (Internet of Things) systems is vulnerable to tampering or falsification when transmitted through untrusted services. This is critical because such data increasingly underpins real-world decisions in domains such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Kenji Saito

Faith in the US electoral system is at risk. This issue stems from trust or lack thereof. Poor leaders ranted and attempted to sew discord in the democratic process and even tried to influence election results. Historically, the US has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Adam Dorian Wong

Academic examination systems worldwide continue to rely on centralised, opaque record-keeping that is often vulnerable to credential forgery, result tampering, examiner bias, and the absence of transparent re-evaluation pathways. Existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Rabib Jahin Ibn Momin , Ahmed Mahir Sultan Rumi , Rezwana Reaz

We propose a simple risk-limiting audit for elections, ClipAudit. To determine whether candidate A (the reported winner) actually beat candidate B in a plurality election, ClipAudit draws ballots at random, without replacement, until either…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-31 Ronald L. Rivest

Integrity of elections is vital to democratic systems, but it is frequently threatened by malicious actors. The study of algorithmic complexity of the problem of manipulating election outcomes by changing its structural features is known as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Andrew Estornell , Sanmay Das , Edith Elkind , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

A secret ballot mechanism that enables voting in absence is proposed. It amends standard vote collection methods that use ballot box as anonymizer, adding the option for absent voters to vote by a proxy blinded to the content of the ballot…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-31 Zuzana Haniková

Risk-limiting audits (RLAs) guarantee a high probability of correcting incorrect reported outcomes before the outcomes are certified. The most efficient use ballot-level comparison, comparing the voting system's interpretation of individual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Philip B. Stark

Bitcoin, as a decentralized digital currency, has caused extensive research interest. There are many studies based on related protocols on Bitcoin, Bitcoin-based voting protocols also received attention in related literature. In this paper,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Zijian Bao , Bin Wang , Wenbo Shi

We provide the first large-scale data collection of real-world approval-based committee elections. These elections have been conducted on the Polkadot blockchain as part of their Nominated Proof-of-Stake mechanism and contain around one…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Niclas Boehmer , Markus Brill , Alfonso Cevallos , Jonas Gehrlein , Luis Sánchez-Fernández , Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin

Business transactions by public firms are required to be reported, verified, and audited periodically, which is traditionally a labor-intensive and time-consuming process. To streamline this procedure, we design FutureAB (Future Auditing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Sean Cao , Lin William Cong , Meng Han , Qixuan Hou , Baozhong Yang

Indian Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) will be fitted with printers that produce Voter-Verifiable Paper Audit Trails (VVPATs) in time for the 2019 general election. VVPATs provide evidence that each vote was recorded as the voter…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Vishal Mohanty , Nicholas Akinyokun , Andrew Conway , Chris Culnane , Philip B. Stark , Vanessa Teague

We present Cobalt, a novel atomic broadcast algorithm that works in networks with non-uniform trust and no global agreement on participants, and is probabilistically guaranteed to make forward progress even in the presence of maximal faults…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-02-21 Ethan MacBrough

The vSPACE experimental proof-of-concept (PoC) on the TrueElect[Anon][Creds] protocol presents a novel approach to secure, private, and scalable elections, extending the TrueElect and ElectAnon protocols with the integration of AnonCreds…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Se Elnour , William J Buchanan , Paul Keating , Mwrwan Abubakar , Sirag Elnour

This paper presents a new protocol for Internet voting based on implicit data security. This protocol allows recasting of votes, which permits a change of mind by voters either during the time window over which polling is open or during a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-01-12 Abhishek Parakh , Subhash Kak

Most online lotteries today fail to ensure the verifiability of the random process and rely on a trusted third party. This issue has received little attention since the emergence of distributed protocols like Bitcoin that demonstrated the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-09-18 Stéphane Grumbach , Robert Riemann

The public blockchain was originally conceived to process monetary transactions in a peer-to-peer network while preventing double-spending. It has since been extended to numerous other applications including execution of programs that exist…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-03 John Adler , Ryan Berryhill , Andreas Veneris , Zissis Poulos , Neil Veira , Anastasia Kastania

The digitization of democratic processes promises greater accessibility but presents challenges in terms of security, privacy, and verifiability. Existing electronic voting systems often rely on centralized architectures, creating single…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Michał Jóźwik , Johan Pouwelse

Code voting was introduced by Chaum as a solution for using a possibly infected-by-malware device to cast a vote in an electronic voting application. Chaum's work on code voting assumed voting codes are physically delivered to voters using…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-06-16 Yvo Desmedt , Stelios Erotokritou

Many systems today distribute trust across multiple parties such that the system provides certain security properties if a subset of the parties are honest. In the past few years, we have seen an explosion of academic and industrial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Emma Dauterman , Vivian Fang , Natacha Crooks , Raluca Ada Popa