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In practice, machine learning experts are often confronted with imbalanced data. Without accounting for the imbalance, common classifiers perform poorly and standard evaluation metrics mislead the practitioners on the model's performance. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Ramiro Camino , Christian Hammerschmidt , Radu State

Imbalanced Data (ID) is a problem that deters Machine Learning (ML) models for achieving satisfactory results. ID is the occurrence of a situation where the quantity of the samples belonging to one class outnumbers that of the other by a…

In real-world classification problems, the class balance in the training dataset does not necessarily reflect that of the test dataset, which can cause significant estimation bias. If the class ratio of the test dataset is known, instance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-06-22 Marthinus Du Plessis , Masashi Sugiyama

The problem of class imbalance is extensive for focusing on numerous applications in the real world. In such a situation, nearly all of the examples are labeled as one class called majority class, while far fewer examples are labeled as the…

Continual learning has become increasingly important as it enables NLP models to constantly learn and gain knowledge over time. Previous continual learning methods are mainly designed to preserve knowledge from previous tasks, without much…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Yufan Huang , Yanzhe Zhang , Jiaao Chen , Xuezhi Wang , Diyi Yang

Real-world visual recognition requires handling the extreme sample imbalance in large-scale long-tailed data. We propose a "divide&conquer" strategy for the challenging LVIS task: divide the whole data into balanced parts and then apply…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Xinting Hu , Yi Jiang , Kaihua Tang , Jingyuan Chen , Chunyan Miao , Hanwang Zhang

We propose to model the text classification process as a sequential decision process. In this process, an agent learns to classify documents into topics while reading the document sentences sequentially and learns to stop as soon as enough…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Gabriel Dulac-Arnold , Ludovic Denoyer , Patrick Gallinari

Class imbalance poses a significant challenge in classification tasks, where traditional approaches often lead to biased models and unreliable predictions. Undersampling and oversampling techniques have been commonly employed to address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Matt Clifford , Jonathan Erskine , Alexander Hepburn , Raúl Santos-Rodríguez , Dario Garcia-Garcia

The purpose of this research report is to present the our learning curve and the exposure to the Machine Learning life cycle, with the use of a Kaggle binary classification data set and taking to explore various techniques from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Mohamed Hamama

Traditional resampling methods for handling class imbalance typically uses fixed distributions, undersampling the majority or oversampling the minority. These static strategies ignore changes in class-wise learning difficulty, which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Arjun Basandrai , Shourya Jain , K. Ilanthenral

In real-world clinical settings, data distributions evolve over time, with a continuous influx of new, limited disease cases. Therefore, class incremental learning is of great significance, i.e., deep learning models are required to learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Yifei Yao , Hanrong Zhang

For future learning systems, incremental learning is desirable because it allows for: efficient resource usage by eliminating the need to retrain from scratch at the arrival of new data; reduced memory usage by preventing or limiting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Marc Masana , Xialei Liu , Bartlomiej Twardowski , Mikel Menta , Andrew D. Bagdanov , Joost van de Weijer

While tasks could come with varying the number of instances and classes in realistic settings, the existing meta-learning approaches for few-shot classification assume that the number of instances per task and class is fixed. Due to such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Hae Beom Lee , Hayeon Lee , Donghyun Na , Saehoon Kim , Minseop Park , Eunho Yang , Sung Ju Hwang

Sample selection is a straightforward technique to combat noisy labels, aiming to prevent mislabeled samples from degrading the robustness of neural networks. However, existing methods mitigate compounding selection bias either by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Kangye Ji , Fei Cheng , Zeqing Wang , Qichang Zhang , Bohu Huang

Class-imbalance is one of the major challenges in real world datasets, where a few classes (called majority classes) constitute much more data samples than the rest (called minority classes). Learning deep neural networks using such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Saptarshi Sinha , Hiroki Ohashi , Katsuyuki Nakamura

In large-scale distributed scenarios, increasingly complex tasks demand more intelligent collaboration across networks, requiring the joint extraction of structural representations from data samples. However, conventional task-specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhuojun Tian , Chaouki Ben Issaid , Mehdi Bennis

Pseudo-labeling has proven to be a promising semi-supervised learning (SSL) paradigm. Existing pseudo-labeling methods commonly assume that the class distributions of training data are balanced. However, such an assumption is far from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Renzhen Wang , Xixi Jia , Quanziang Wang , Yichen Wu , Deyu Meng

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is crucial for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to specific tasks. In this work, we demonstrate that the order of training data can lead to significant training imbalances, potentially resulting in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yiming Ju , Ziyi Ni , Xingrun Xing , Zhixiong Zeng , hanyu Zhao , Siqi Fan , Zheng Zhang

When modeling class-imbalanced data, it is crucial to address the imbalance, as models trained on such data tend to be biased towards the majority classes. This problem is amplified under partial supervision, where pseudo-labels for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-08 Heegeon Yoon , Heeyoung Kim

Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) has achieved great success in overcoming the difficulties of labeling and making full use of unlabeled data. However, SSL has a limited assumption that the numbers of samples in different classes are balanced,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Minsung Hyun , Jisoo Jeong , Nojun Kwak
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