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Nonlinear interferometers allow spectroscopy in the mid-infrared range by detecting correlated visible light, for which non-cooled detectors with higher specific detectivity and lower dark count rates are available. We present a new…

Optics · Physics 2020-03-19 Chiara Lindner , Sebastian Wolf , Jens Kießling , Frank Kühnemann

Optical frequency-comb-based-high-resolution spectrometers offer enormous potential for spectroscopic applications. Although various implementations have been demonstrated, the lack of suitable mid-infrared comb sources has impeded…

Mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectroscopy is a crucial workhorse for a plethora of analytical applications and is suitable for diverse materials, including gases, polymers or biological tissue. However, this technologically significant wavelength…

Optics · Physics 2022-02-23 Paul Kaufmann , Helen M. Chrzanowski , Aron Vanselow , Sven Ramelow

We demonstrate a novel MIR methane sensor shifting measurement wavelength to SWIR (1.55$\mu$m) by using non-linear interferometry. The technique exploits the interference effects seen in three-wave mixing when pump, signal, and idler modes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-22 Arthur C. Cardoso , Jinghan Dong , Haichen Zhou , Siddarth K. Joshi , John G. Rarity

Nonlinear interferometry with entangled photons allows for characterizing a sample without detecting the photons interacting with it. This method enables highly sensitive optical sensing in the wavelength regions where efficient detectors…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-11 Kazuki Hashimoto , Dmitri B. Horoshko , Maria V. Chekhova

Nonlinear interferometry has widespread applications in sensing, spectroscopy, and imaging. However, most implementations require highly reflective mirrors and precise optical alignment, drastically reducing their versatility and usability…

Owing to its capacity for unique (bio)-chemical specificity, microscopy withmid-IR illumination holds tremendous promise for a wide range of biomedical and industrial applications. The primary limitation, however, remains detection; with…

We report on the design of an all-mirror wavefront-division interferometer capable of spectroscopic studies across multiple spectral ranges$\unicode{x2013}$from the plasma frequencies of metals to terahertz wavelengths and beyond. The…

We report a broadband long-wave infrared Fourier transform spectrometer with sensitivity exceeding that of previously reported direct-detection implementations. The system combines dual-comb spectroscopy with electro-optic sampling,…

Sensing with undetected photons has become a vibrant, application-driven research domain with a special focus on the mid-infrared (mid-IR) wavelength region. Since the mid-IR contains spectral bands with highly specific and strong molecular…

Mid-infrared high-resolution spectroscopy has proven an invaluable tool for the study of the structure and dynamics of molecules in the gas phase. The advent of frequency combs advances the frontiers of precise molecular spectroscopy. Here…

Optics · Physics 2019-02-28 Zaijun Chen , Theodor W. Hänsch , Nathalie Picqué

In this paper, we show by experiment that by covering a thin flat nonlinear lens on the sources, the sub-diffraction-limit observation can be achieved by measuring either the near-field distribution or the far-field radiation of the sources…

Despite the broadband nature of thermal light sources, optical spectroscopy over multiple spectral bands simultaneously remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate a practical Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) that achieves…

The optical elements comprised of sub-diffractive light scatterers, or metasurfaces, hold a promise to reduce the footprint and unfold new functionalities of optical devices. A particular interest is focused on metasurfaces for manipulation…

We describe an all-fiber nonlinear interferometer based on four-wave mixing in highly nonlinear fiber. Our configuration realizes phase-sensitive interference with 97% peak visibility and >90% visibility over a broad 554 GHz optical band.…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-08-28 Joseph M. Lukens , Raphael C. Pooser , Nicholas A. Peters

Fourier transform (FT) spectroscopy is a versatile technique for studying the infrared (IR) optical response of solid-, liquid-, and gas-phase samples. In standard FT-IR spectrometers, a light beam passing through a Michelson interferometer…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-03-12 Takashi Kuroda , Siti Chalimah , Yuanzhao Yao , Naoki Ikeda , Yoshimasa Sugimoto , Kazuaki Sakoda

In this work, we present a technique to determine the mid-infrared refractive indices of thin superconducting films using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In particular, we performed FTIR transmission and reflection…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-03 Dip Joti Paul , Tony X. Zhou , Karl K. Berggren

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is an indispensable analytical method that allows label-free identification of substances via fundamental molecular vibrations. However, the sensitivity of FTIR is often limited by the low…

Nonlinear interferometers with correlated photons hold a promise to advance optical characterization and metrology techniques by improving their performance and affordability. Nonlinear interferometers offer the sub-shot noise phase…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-13 Anna V. Paterova , Leonid A. Krivitsky

We devise a new detection technique for mid-infrared multi-heterodyne spectroscopy. As an experimental implementation, mid-infrared light interrogates a gas sample in the 3-$\mu$m region of the fundamental CH, OH, NH stretch in molecules…

Optics · Physics 2020-03-17 Zaijun Chen , Theodor W. Hänsch , Nathalie Picqué
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