Related papers: Wall shear stress distribution in a compliant airw…
Chest physiotherapy is an empirical technique used to help secretions to get out of the lung whenever stagnation occurs. Although commonly used, little is known about the inner mechanisms of chest physiotherapy and controversies about its…
The mucus on the bronchial wall forms a thin layer of non-Newtonian fluid. One of the roles of mucus is to protect the lungs by capturing inhaled pollutants. It is transported by mucocilliary clearance toward the tracheo-pharyngeal…
We propose a multi-scale lung model to investigate spatio-temporal distributions of ventilation variables. Lung envelope and large airway geometries are derived from CT scans; smaller airways are generated using a physiologically consistent…
Chest physiotherapy is a set of techniques used to help the draining of the mucus from the lung in pathological situations. The choice of the techniques, and their adjustment to the patients or to the pathologies, remains as of today…
We study the transport and deposition of inhaled aerosols in a mid-generation, mucus-lined lung airway, with the aim of understanding if and how airborne particles can avoid the mucus and deposit on the airway wall -- an outcome that is…
Uniform fluid flow distribution in a symmetric volume can be realized through a symmetric branched tree. It is shown here, however, that the flow partitioning can be highly sensitive to deviations from exact symmetry if inertial effects are…
Topological structure of bronchial trees affects transport of gases and aerosols in the respiratory system. We start by providing a quantitative assessment of the ability of the alternative tree representations to predict observable…
The seemingly simple process of inhalation relies on a complex interplay between muscular contraction in the thorax, elasto-capillary interactions in individual lung branches, propagation of air between different connected branches, and…
Friction drag from a turbulent fluid moving past or inside an object plays a crucial role in domains as diverse as transportation, public utility infrastructure, energy technology, and human health. As a direct measure of the shear-induced…
Historically, meteorological and climate studies have been prompted by the need for understanding precipitation to have better logistics in food production. Despite all efforts, nonlinearity in atmosphere dynamics is still a source of…
Airborne respiratory diseases such as SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pose significant challenges for public transportation. Several recent outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 indicate the high risk of transmission among passengers on public buses if special…
We measure the response of open-cell polyurethane foams filled with a dense suspension of fumed silica particles in polyethylene glycol at compression speeds spanning several orders of magnitude. The gradual compressive stress increase of…
The transport of aerosol discharge in the form of a passive scalar or tracer discharged from a single cough of a patient in a ventilated mock hospital isolation room is investigated via computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Healthcare worker…
Could the microdroplets formed by viscoelastic stretching and break-up of mucosal liquids in the upper respiratory tract (URT), when inhaled further downwind, explain the brisk pace at which deep lung infections emerge following onset of…
Airway clearance by coughing is a key mechanism for mucus transport, particularly in obstructive lung diseases associated with altered mucus rheology. We investigate the dynamics of a viscoplastic liquid film driven by flow in a turbulent…
Shear stress is an important physical factor that regulates proliferation, migration and morphogenesis. In particular, the homeostasis of blood vessels is dependent on shear stress. To mimic this process ex vivo, efforts have been made to…
Airway mucus is a complex gel with an anisotropic three-dimensional network structure. As a crucial component of the respiratory defense barrier, it plays a vital role in maintaining airway hydration and supporting the function of airway…
We study a statistical mechanical model for the dynamics of lung inflation which incorporates recent experimental observations on the opening of individual airways by a cascade or avalanche mechanism. Using an exact mapping of the avalanche…
Pulmonary drug delivery systems rely on inhalation of drug-laden aerosols produced from aerosol generators such as inhalers, nebulizers etc. On deposition, the drug molecules diffuse in the mucus layer and are also subjected to mucociliary…
The airflow in a subject-specific breathing human lung is simulated with a multiscale computational fluid dynamics (CFD) lung model. The three-dimensional (3D) airway geometry beginning from the mouth to about 7 generations of airways is…