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Deep reinforcement learning has achieved impressive successes yet often requires a very large amount of interaction data. This result is perhaps unsurprising, as using complicated function approximation often requires more data to fit, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Jonathan N. Lee , Aldo Pacchiano , Vidya Muthukumar , Weihao Kong , Emma Brunskill

We prove that the set of functions representable by ReLU neural networks with integer weights strictly increases with the network depth while allowing arbitrary width. More precisely, we show that $\lceil\log_2(n)\rceil$ hidden layers are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Christian Haase , Christoph Hertrich , Georg Loho

Multiclass neural networks are a common tool in modern unsupervised domain adaptation, yet an appropriate theoretical description for their non-uniform sample complexity is lacking in the adaptation literature. To fill this gap, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Anthony Sicilia , Katherine Atwell , Malihe Alikhani , Seong Jae Hwang

Data driven classification that relies on neural networks is based on optimization criteria that involve some form of distance between the output of the network and the desired label. Using the same mathematical analysis, for a multitude of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Kalliopi Basioti , George V. Moustakides

Learning to predict solutions to real-valued combinatorial graph problems promises efficient approximations. As demonstrated based on the NP-hard edge clique cover number, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are particularly suited for this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-20 Nil-Jana Akpinar , Bernhard Kratzwald , Stefan Feuerriegel

A recent work by Ramanujan et al. (2020) provides significant empirical evidence that sufficiently overparameterized, random neural networks contain untrained subnetworks that achieve state-of-the-art accuracy on several predictive tasks. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Kartik Sreenivasan , Shashank Rajput , Jy-yong Sohn , Dimitris Papailiopoulos

We consider the embedding of piecewise-linear deep neural networks (ReLU networks) as surrogate models in mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problems. A MILP formulation of ReLU networks has recently been applied by many authors to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-10 Bjarne Grimstad , Henrik Andersson

While metric and similarity learning has been extensively studied from several theoretical perspectives, a rigorous understanding of its generalization performance is still lacking. In this paper, we investigate the generalization behavior…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-19 Junyu Zhou , Puyu Wang , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Likelihood-to-evidence ratio estimation is usually cast as either a binary (NRE-A) or a multiclass (NRE-B) classification task. In contrast to the binary classification framework, the current formulation of the multiclass version has an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-08 Benjamin Kurt Miller , Christoph Weniger , Patrick Forré

In this effort, we derive a formula for the integral representation of a shallow neural network with the ReLU activation function. We assume that the outer weighs admit a finite $L_1$-norm with respect to Lebesgue measure on the sphere. For…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Armenak Petrosyan , Anton Dereventsov , Clayton Webster

We study the least-square regression problem with a two-layer fully-connected neural network, with ReLU activation function, trained by gradient flow. Our first result is a generalization result, that requires no assumptions on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Junhyung Park , Patrick Bloebaum , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan

Neural networks are usually not the tool of choice for nonparametric high-dimensional problems where the number of input features is much larger than the number of observations. Though neural networks can approximate complex multivariate…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-25 Jean Feng , Noah Simon

We consider approximation rates of sparsely connected deep rectified linear unit (ReLU) and rectified power unit (RePU) neural networks for functions in Besov spaces $B^\alpha_{q}(L^p)$ in arbitrary dimension $d$, on general domains. We…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-25 Mazen Ali , Anthony Nouy

Neural network-based function approximation plays a pivotal role in the advancement of scientific computing and machine learning. Yet, training such models faces several challenges: (i) each target function often requires training a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Xinwen Hu , Yunqing Huang , Nianyu Yi , Peimeng Yin

Formal certification of Neural Networks (NNs) is crucial for ensuring their safety, fairness, and robustness. Unfortunately, on the one hand, sound and complete certification algorithms of ReLU-based NNs do not scale to large-scale NNs. On…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Haitham Khedr , Yasser Shoukry

We prove risk bounds for binary classification in high-dimensional settings when the sample size is allowed to be smaller than the dimensionality of the training set observations. In particular, we prove upper bounds for both 'compressive…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-09-29 Ata Kaban , Robert J. Durrant

Neural networks achieve outstanding accuracy in classification and regression tasks. However, understanding their behavior still remains an open challenge that requires questions to be addressed on the robustness, explainability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Anna-Kathrin Kopetzki , Stephan Günnemann

A efficient incremental learning algorithm for classification tasks, called NetLines, well adapted for both binary and real-valued input patterns is presented. It generates small compact feedforward neural networks with one hidden layer of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-04-30 Juan-Manuel Torres-Moreno , Mirta B. Gordon

We bound the excess risk of interpolating deep linear networks trained using gradient flow. In a setting previously used to establish risk bounds for the minimum $\ell_2$-norm interpolant, we show that randomly initialized deep linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Niladri S. Chatterji , Philip M. Long

Approximation and learning of classifiers of large data sets by neural networks in terms of high-dimensional geometry and statistical learning theory are investigated. The influence of the VC dimension of sets of input-output functions of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-18 Vera Kurkova , Marcello Sanguineti
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