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The IoT is a network of interconnected everyday objects called things that have been augmented with a small measure of computing capabilities. Lately, the IoT has been affected by a variety of different botnet activities. As botnets have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-20 Nickolaos Koroniotis , Nour Moustafa , Elena Sitnikova , Jill Slay

The rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) deployments has enlarged the attack surface of modern digital infrastructure while exposing a key security mismatch: many intrusion detection systems (IDSs) remain too computationally…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Dileepa Mabulage , Banuka Athuraliya

Growing number of network devices and services have led to increasing demand for protective measures as hackers launch attacks to paralyze or steal information from victim systems. Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is one of the essential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Hyeokmin Gwon , Chungjun Lee , Rakun Keum , Heeyoul Choi

The application of Machine Learning (ML) techniques to the well-known intrusion detection systems (IDS) is key to cope with increasingly sophisticated cybersecurity attacks through an effective and efficient detection process. In the…

Benchmark datasets for network intrusion detection commonly rely on synthetically generated traffic, which fails to reflect the statistical variability and temporal drift encountered in operational environments. This paper introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Joshua Schraven , Alexander Windmann , Oliver Niggemann

Cybersecurity is essential, and attacks are rapidly growing and getting more challenging to detect. The traditional Firewall and Intrusion Detection system, even though it is widely used and recommended but it fails to detect new attacks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Mustafa Sakhai , Maciej Wielgosz

Network security is a critical concern in the digital landscape of today, with users demanding secure browsing experiences and protection of their personal data. This study explores the dynamic integration of Machine Learning (ML)…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Pablo Benlloch , Oscar Romero , Antonio Leon , Jaime Lloret

This survey explores the integration of Federated Learning (FL) with Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS), with particular emphasis on deep learning and quantum machine learning approaches. FL enables collaborative model training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Devashish Chaudhary , Sutharshan Rajasegarar , Shiva Raj Pokhrel

Timely response of Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) is constrained by the flow generation process which requires accumulation of network packets. This paper introduces Multivariate Time Series (MTS) early detection into NIDS to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Jinxin Liu , Murat Simsek , Michele Nogueira , Burak Kantarci

As the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to expand, ensuring the security of connected devices has become increasingly critical. Traditional Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) often fall short in managing the dynamic and large-scale nature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Saeid Jamshidi , Amin Nikanjam , Nafi Kawser Wazed , Foutse Khomh

The use of Machine Learning (ML) techniques in Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) has taken a prominent role in the network security management field, due to the substantial number of sophisticated attacks that often pass undetected through…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Mario Di Mauro , Giovanni Galatro , Antonio Liotta

Advancements in computer networks and communication technologies like software defined networks (SDN), Internet of things (IoT), microservices architecture, cloud computing and network function virtualization (NFV) have opened new fronts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Anjum Nazir , Rizwan Ahmed Khan

Several machine learning-based Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) have been proposed in recent years. Still, most of them were developed and evaluated under the assumption that the training context is similar to the test context.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Manuela M. C. Souza , Camila Pontes , Joao Gondim , Luis P. F. Garcia , Luiz DaSilva , Eduardo F. M. Cavalcante , Marcelo A. Marotta

The evolution of Internet and its related communication technologies have consistently increased the risk of cyber-attacks. In this context, a crucial role is played by Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs), which are security devices designed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Jacopo Talpini , Fabio Sartori , Marco Savi

The performance of machine learning based network intrusion detection systems (NIDSs) severely degrades when deployed on a network with significantly different feature distributions from the ones of the training dataset. In various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Siamak Layeghy , Mahsa Baktashmotlagh , Marius Portmann

This paper presents neural networks for network intrusion detection systems (NIDS), that operate on flow data preprocessed with a time window. It requires only eleven features which do not rely on deep packet inspection and can be found in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Anton Raskovalov , Nikita Gabdullin , Ilya Androsov

Learning-based Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDSs) are widely deployed for defending various cyberattacks. Existing learning-based NIDS mainly uses Neural Network (NN) as a classifier that relies on the quality and quantity of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Tian Dong , Song Li , Han Qiu , Jialiang Lu

A significant increase in the number of interconnected devices and data communication through wireless networks has given rise to various threats, risks and security concerns. Internet of Things (IoT) applications is deployed in almost…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Poornima Mahadevappa , Syeda Mariam Muzammal , Raja Kumar Murugesan

NetFlow data is a popular network log format used by many network analysts and researchers. The advantages of using NetFlow over deep packet inspection are that it is easier to collect and process, and it is less privacy intrusive. Many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Clinton Cao , Annibale Panichella , Sicco Verwer , Agathe Blaise , Filippo Rebecchi

Internet of things (IoT) has been playing an important role in many sectors, such as smart cities, smart agriculture, smart healthcare, and smart manufacturing. However, IoT devices are highly vulnerable to cyber-attacks, which may result…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Vu-Duc Ngo , Tuan-Cuong Vuong , Thien Van Luong , Hung Tran