Related papers: Islands and stretched horizon
The black hole information paradox has been an important problem in quantum gravity. In the study of evaporating black hole, it has been proposed that the holographic map between the semi-classical effective description in bulk and the…
For an evaporating black hole which is a radiation-black hole combined system, we express the entanglement entropy and the Page time in terms of the conformal time in the RST model. The entropy change of the black hole is nicely written in…
We propose a model with multiple qubits that reproduces the thermal properties of 4-dimensional (4-dim) Schwarzschild black holes (BHs) by simultaneously taking account of the emission of Hawking particles and the zero-energy soft hair…
A structure of the radiation-ball which is identified as a Schwarzschild black hole is found out by investigating the backreaction of Hawking radiation into space-time. The structure consists of the radiation which is gravitationally…
Suppose we allow a system to fall freely from infinity to a point near (but not beyond) the horizon of a black hole. We note that in a sense the information in the system is already lost to an observer at infinity. Once the system is too…
We motivate through a detailed analysis of the Hawking radiation in a Schwarzschild background a scheme in accordance with quantum unitarity. In this scheme the semi-classical approximation of the unitary quantum - horizonless - black hole…
This paper argues that the effect of Hawking radiation on an astrophysical black hole situated in a realistic cosmological context is not total evaporation of the black hole; rather there will always be a remnant mass. The key point is that…
Entanglement islands play an essential role in the recent breakthrough in resolving the black hole information paradox. However, whether entanglement islands can exist in massless gravity theories is controversial. It is found that…
A quantum extremal island suggests that a region of spacetime is encoded in the quantum state of another system, like the encoding of the black hole interior in Hawking radiation. We study conditions for islands to appear in general…
We investigate the meaning of the entropy carried away by Hawking radiations from a black hole. We propose that the entropy for a black hole measures the uncertainty of the information about the black hole forming matter's precollapsed…
By entangling soft massless particles one can create an arbitrarily large amount of entanglement entropy that carries an arbitrarily small amount of energy. Dropping this entropy into the black hole (b.h.) one can increase the b.h. entropy…
It has been shown that the nonthermal spectrum of Hawking radiation will lead to information-carrying correlations between emitted particles in the radiation. The mutual information carried by such correlations can not be locally observed…
The Bekenstein-Hawking equation states that black holes should have entropy proportional to their areas to make black hole physics compatible with the second law of thermodynamics. However, this equation leads to an inconsistency among the…
Hawking's discovery that black holes can evaporate through radiation emission has posed a number of questions that with time became fundamental hallmarks for a quantum theory of gravity. The most famous one is likely the information…
Entropy plays a crucial role in characterization of information and entanglement, but it is not a scalar quantity and for many systems it is different for different relativistic observers. Loop quantum gravity predicts the…
We consider the island formula for the entropy of subsets of the Hawking radiation in the adiabatic limit where the evaporation is very slow. We find a simple concrete `on-shell' formula for the generalized entropy which involves the image…
We have proposed that the interior of a macroscopic Schwarzschild black hole (BH) consists of highly excited, long, closed, interacting strings and, as such, can be modeled as a collapsed polymer. It was previously shown that the scaling…
Almost all of the entropy in the universe is in the form of Bekenstein--Hawking (BH) entropy of super-massive black holes. This entropy, if it satisfies Boltzmann's equation $S=\log{\cal N}$, hence represents almost all the accessible phase…
The conservation of information of evaporating black holes is a very natural consequence of unitarity which is the fundamental symmetry of quantum mechanics. In order to study the conservation of information, we need to understand the…
We continue the study of 4-dimensional Schwarzschild de Sitter black holes in the regime where the black hole mass is small compared with the de Sitter scale, following arXiv:2207.10724 [hep-th]. The de Sitter temperature is very low…