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Population protocols are a popular model of distributed computing, in which randomly-interacting agents with little computational power cooperate to jointly perform computational tasks. Inspired by developments in molecular computation, and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-04-18 Dan Alistarh , James Aspnes , David Eisenstat , Rati Gelashvili , Ronald L. Rivest

The dispersion problem on graphs asks $k\leq n$ robots placed initially arbitrarily on the nodes of an $n$-node anonymous graph to reposition autonomously to reach a configuration in which each robot is on a distinct node of the graph. This…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Ajay D. Kshemkalyani , Anisur Rahaman Molla , Gokarna Sharma

A distributed algorithm is self-stabilizing if after faults and attacks hit the system and place it in some arbitrary global state, the system recovers from this catastrophic situation without external intervention in finite time. In this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-04-20 Toshimitsu Masuzawa , Sébastien Tixeuil

There is arbitrariness in optimum solutions of graph-theoretic problems that can give rise to unfairness. Incorporating fairness in such problems, however, can be done in multiple ways. For instance, fairness can be defined on an individual…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-28 Christopher Hojny , Frits Spieksma , Sten Wessel

The population protocol model describes a network of $n$ anonymous agents who cannot control with whom they interact. The agents collectively solve some computational problem through random pairwise interactions, each agent updating its own…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-25 David Doty , Mahsa Eftekhari

In modern data center networks, thousands of hosts contend for shared link capacity; the scale of these systems makes centralized scheduling impractical. This article models such scheduling as a bipartite matching problem under…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Moonmoon Mohanty , Gautham Bolar , Preetam Patil , Ayalvadi Ganesh , Jean-Francois Chamberland , Parimal Parag

This paper explores an idealized dynamic population sizing strategy for solving additive decomposable problems of uniform scale. The method is designed on top of the foundations of existing population sizing theory for this class of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2011-04-15 Fernando G. Lobo

This paper revisits the problem of multi-agent consensus from a graph signal processing perspective. Describing a consensus protocol as a graph spectrum filter, we present an effective new approach to the analysis and design of consensus…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Jingwen Yi , Li Chai , Jingxin Zhang

This paper revisits a fundamental distributed computing problem in the population protocol model. Provided $n$ agents each starting with an input color in $[k]$, the relative majority problem asks to find the predominant color. In the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Tom-Lukas Breitkopf , Julien Dallot , Antoine El-Hayek , Stefan Schmid

We study here the problem of determining the majority type in an arbitrary connected network, each vertex of which has initially two possible types. The vertices may have a few additional possible states and can interact in pairs only if…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-05-01 George B. Mertzios , Sotiris E. Nikoletseas , Christoforos L. Raptopoulos , Paul G. Spirakis

Population protocols have been introduced by Angluin et {al.} as a model of networks consisting of very limited mobile agents that interact in pairs but with no control over their own movement. A collection of anonymous agents, modeled by…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2009-07-20 Olivier Bournez , Jeremie Chalopin , Johanne Cohen , Xavier Koegler

Population protocols (Angluin et al., PODC, 2004) are a formal model of sensor networks consisting of identical mobile devices. Two devices can interact and thereby change their states. Computations are infinite sequences of interactions…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-08-15 Javier Esparza , Pierre Ganty , Rupak Majumdar , Chana Weil-Kennedy

Population protocols have been introduced as a model of sensor networks consisting of very limited mobile agents with no control over their own movement: A collection of anonymous agents, modeled by finite automata, interact in pairs…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2009-06-18 Olivier Bournez , Jérémie Chalopin , Johanne Cohen , Xavier Koegler

In the population protocol model, many problems cannot be solved in a self-stabilizing way. However, global knowledge, such as the number of nodes in a network, sometimes allows us to design a self-stabilizing protocol for such problems. In…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-05-25 Yuichi Sudo , Masahiro Shibata , Junya Nakamura , Yonghwan Kim , Toshimitsu Masuzawa

Population protocols are a fundamental model in distributed computing, where many nodes with bounded memory and computational power have random pairwise interactions over time. This model has been studied in a rich body of literature aiming…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Simina Branzei , Yuval Peres

The graph packing problem is a well-known area in graph theory. We consider a bipartite version and give almost tight conditions on the packability of two bipartite sequences.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-03 Bálint Vásárhelyi

We study population protocols, a model of distributed computing appropriate for modeling well-mixed chemical reaction networks and other physical systems where agents exchange information in pairwise interactions, but have no control over…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-24 David Doty , Mahsa Eftekhari , Leszek Gąsieniec , Eric Severson , Grzegorz Stachowiak , Przemysław Uznański

Let $G$ be a graph on $n$ nodes. In the stochastic population protocol model, a collection of $n$ indistinguishable, resource-limited nodes collectively solve tasks via pairwise interactions. In each interaction, two randomly chosen…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Dan Alistarh , Rati Gelashvili , Joel Rybicki

Graph colouring is a fundamental problem for networks, serving as a tool for avoiding conflicts via symmetry breaking, for example, avoiding multiple computer processes simultaneously updating the same resource. This paper considers a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Duncan Adamson , George B. Mertzios , Paul G. Spirakis

The Bipartite Polarization Problem is an optimization problem where the goal is to find the highest polarized bipartition on a weighted and labelled graph that represents a debate developed through some social network, where nodes represent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Teresa Alsinet , Josep Argelich , Ramón Béjar , Santi Martínez