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Defects4J is a large, peer-reviewed, structured dataset of real-world Java bugs. Each bug in Defects4J is provided with a test suite and at least one failing test case that triggers the bug. In this paper, we report on an experiment to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-12-24 Matias Martinez , Thomas Durieux , Jifeng Xuan , Romain Sommerard , Martin Monperrus

Testing-based fault localization has been a research focus in software engineering in the past decades. It localizes faulty program elements based on a set of passing and failing test executions. Since whether a fault could be triggered and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Yiqian Wu , Yujie Liu , Yi Yin , Muhan Zeng , Zhentao Ye , Xin Zhang , Yingfei Xiong , Lu Zhang

For software testing research, Defects4J stands out as the primary benchmark dataset, offering a controlled environment to study real bugs from prominent open-source systems. However, prior research indicates that Defects4J might include…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Md Nakhla Rafi , An Ran Chen , Tse-Hsun Chen , Shaohua Wang

It is widely recognized that program repair tools need to have a high precision to be useful, i.e., the generated patches need to have a high probability to be correct. However, it is fundamentally difficult to ensure the correctness of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Jingjing Liang , Ruyi Ji , Jiajun Jiang , Yiling Lou , Yingfei Xiong , Gang Huang

Traditional spectrum-based fault localization (SBFL) exploits differences in a program's coverage spectrum when run on passing and failing test cases. However, such runs can provide a wealth of additional information beyond mere coverage.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Julian Aron Prenner , Romain Robbes

Software fault prediction (SFP) is a critical task in software engineering, enabling early identification of faults in modules to improve software quality and reduce maintenance costs. This research investigates the combined effects of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ahmad Nauman Ghazi , Nagajyothi Devarapalli , Ashir Javeed , Sadi Alawadi , Fahed Alkhabbas , Khalid AlKharabsheh

Automated program repair (APR) has great potential to reduce the effort and time-consumption in software maintenance and becomes a hot topic in software engineering recently with many approaches being proposed. Multi-location program repair…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Shangwen Wang , Xiaoguang Mao , Nan Niu , Xin Yi , Anbang Guo

This paper presents a novel methodology for enhancing Automated Program Repair (APR) through synthetic data generation utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs). Current APR systems are constrained by the limited availability of high-quality…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 David de-Fitero-Dominguez , Antonio Garcia-Cabot , Eva Garcia-Lopez

In introductory programming courses, it is challenging for instructors to provide debugging feedback on students' incorrect programs. Some recent tools automatically offer program repair feedback by identifying any differences between…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Yunlong Lu , Na Meng , Wenxin Li

Recent empirical studies show that the performance of GenProg is not satisfactory, particularly for Java. In this paper, we propose ARJA, a new GP based repair approach for automated repair of Java programs. To be specific, we present a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-12-22 Yuan Yuan , Wolfgang Banzhaf

In this paper, we do automatic correctness assessment for patches generated by program repair systems. We consider the human-written patch as ground truth oracle and randomly generate tests based on it, a technique proposed by Shamshiri et…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-05-10 He Ye , Matias Martinez , Martin Monperrus

Software bugs significantly contribute to software cost and increase the risk of system malfunctioning. In recent years, many automated program-repair approaches have been proposed to automatically fix undesired program behavior. Despite of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Dirk Beyer , Lars Grunske , Thomas Lemberger , Minxing Tang

Among the many different kinds of program repair techniques, one widely studied family of techniques is called test suite based repair. However, test suites are in essence input-output specifications and are thus typically inadequate for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Zhongxing Yu , Matias Martinez , Benjamin Danglot , Thomas Durieux , Martin Monperrus

APR (Automated Program Repair) aims to automatically locate program defects, generate patches and validate the repairs. Existing techniques for APR are often combined with LLMs (Large Language Models), which leverages the code-related…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Haichuan Hu , Xiaochen Xie , Quanjun Zhang

Automated Program Repair (APR) has emerged as a promising paradigm for reducing debugging time and improving the overall efficiency of software development. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their potential…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Shunyu Liu , Guangdong Bai , Mark Utting , Guowei Yang

This work is motivated by the pervasive use of method invocations in object-oriented (OO) programs, and indeed their prevalence in patches of OO-program bugs. We propose a generate-and-validate repair technique, called ELIXIR designed to be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Ripon K. Saha , Yingjun Lyu , Hiroaki Yoshida , Mukul R. Prasad

LLM-based automated program repair methods have attracted significant attention for their state-of-the-art performance. However, they were primarily evaluated on a few well known datasets like Defects4J, raising questions about their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Fengjie Li , Jiajun Jiang , Jiajun Sun , Hongyu Zhang

Repairing a large-scale buggy program using current automated program repair (APR) approaches can be a time-consuming operation that requires significant computational resources. We describe a program repair framework that effectively…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Omar I. Al-Bataineh

Fix pattern-based patch generation is a promising direction in Automated Program Repair (APR). Notably, it has been demonstrated to produce more acceptable and correct patches than the patches obtained with mutation operators through…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Kui Liu , Anil Koyuncu , Dongsun Kim , Tegawendé F. Bisyandé

Software quality assurance remains a major challenge in industrial environments, where large-scale and long-lived systems inevitably accumulate defects. Identifying the location of a fault is often time-consuming and costly, particularly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Pernilla Hall , Anton Ununger , Riccardo Rubei , Alessio Bucaioni