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In this survey paper, we discuss the problem of characterizing the critical sets of bounded analytic functions in the unit disk of the complex plane. This problem is closely related to the Berger-Nirenberg problem in differential geometry…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2013-03-29 Daniela Kraus , Oliver Roth

We establish an extension of Liouville's classical representation theorem for solutions of the partial differential equation $\Delta u=4 e^{2u}$ and combine this result with methods from nonlinear elliptic PDE to construct holomorphic maps…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Daniela Kraus , Oliver Roth

A classical result due to Blaschke states that for every analytic self-map $f$ of the open unit disk of the complex plane there exists a Blaschke product $B$ such that the zero sets of $f$ and $B$ agree. In this paper we show that there is…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Daniela Kraus

We present a numerical model for determining a finite Blaschke product of degree $n+1$ having $n$ preassigned distinct critical points $z_1,\dots,z_n$ in the complex (open) unit disk $\mathbb{D}$. The Blaschke product is uniquely determined…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-03-19 Christer Glader , Ray Pörn

Inner functions play a central role in function theory and operator theory on the Hardy space over the unit disk. Motivated by recent works of C. B\'en\'eteau et al. and of D. Seco, we discuss inner functions on more general weighted Hardy…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2019-12-13 Trieu Le

We consider critical points of a class of functionals on compact four-dimensional manifolds arising from Regularized Determinants for conformally covariant operators, whose explicit form was derived in [10], extending Polyakov's formula.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-06-20 Pierpaolo Esposito , Andrea Malchiodi

We study the invariant subspaces generated by inner functions for a class of $\mathcal{P}^t(\mu)$-spaces which can be identified as spaces of analytic functions in the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$, where $\mu$ is a measure supported in the closed…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-08-23 Adem Limani , Bartosz Malman

We give a generalization of the notion of finite Blaschke products from the perspective of generalized inner functions in various reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. Further, we study precisely how these functions relate to the so-called…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-06-07 Christopher Felder , Trieu Le

Relative equilibria of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian systems with symmetry are critical points of appropriate scalar functions parametrized by the Lie algebra (or its dual) of the symmetry group. Setting aside the structures - symplectic,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-05-20 Debra Lewis

Over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic, there exist rational functions with only one critical point. We give an elementary characterization of these functions in terms of their continued fraction expansions. Then we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-05-19 Xander Faber

In this paper, we prove new existence and multiplicity results for critical points of lower semicontinuous functionals in Banach spaces, complementing the nonsmooth critical point theory set forth by Szulkin and avoiding the need of the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Jaeyoung Byeon , Norihisa Ikoma , Andrea Malchiodi , Luciano Mari

In this paper, some existence results for sign-changing critical points of locally Lipschitz functionals in real Banach space are obtained by the method combining the invariant sets of descending ow method with a quantitative deformation.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-04-26 Xian Xu , Baoxia Qin

We construct a Riemannian metric on the $ 2 $-dimensional torus, such that for infinitely many eigenvalues of the Laplace-Beltrami operator, a corresponding eigenfunction has infinitely many isolated critical points. A minor modification of…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-01 Lev Buhovsky , Alexander Logunov , Mikhail Sodin

Eigenvalues in the essential spectrum of a weighted Sturm-Liouville operator are studied under the assumption that the weight function has one turning point. An abstract approach to the problem is given via a functional model for indefinite…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2012-03-06 I. M. Karabash

Recently the first author studied the bifurcation of critical points of families of functionals on a Hilbert space, which are parametrised by a compact and orientable manifold having a non-vanishing first integral cohomology group. We…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-03-19 Alessandro Portaluri , Nils Waterstraat

Motivated by the Invariant Subspace Problem, we describe explicitly the closed subspace $H^2$ generated by the limit points in the $H^2$ norm of the orbit of a thin Blaschke product $B$ under composition operators $C_\phi$ induced by…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2011-12-14 Eva A. Gallardo-Gutiérrez , Pamela Gorkin , Daniel Suárez

Let $f=B_1/B_2$ be a ratio of finite Blaschke products having no critical points on $\partial\mathbb{D}$. Then $f$ has finitely many critical level curves (level curves containing critical points of $f$) in the disk, and the non-critical…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2015-10-19 Trevor Richards

In this work, we introduce the notion of a two-Krein space and show that, starting from any classical Krein space, it is possible to construct spaces endowed with an indefinite two-inner product (admitting both positive and negative…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-14 Osmin Ferrer , Kandy Ferrer , Jaffeth Cure

Finite-dimensional model spaces are quotient spaces of the Hardy space on the open unit disc, determined by finite Blaschke products. Composition operators, on the other hand, act by composing Hardy space functions with analytic self-maps…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-22 P. Muthukumar , Jaydeb Sarkar , Batzorig Undrakh

Recent advancements in finite element methods allows for the implementation of mesh cells with curved edges. In the present work, we develop the tools necessary to employ multiply connected mesh cells, i.e. cells with holes, in planar…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-15 Jeffrey S. Ovall , Samuel E. Reynolds
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