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Motile organisms can form stable agglomerates such as cities or colonies. In the outbreak of a highly contagious disease, the control of large-scale epidemic spread depends on factors like the number and size of agglomerates, travel rate…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-03 Pablo de Castro , Felipe Urbina , Ariel Norambuena , Francisca Guzmán-Lastra

Traditional disease transmission models assume that the infectious period is exponentially distributed with a recovery rate fixed in time and across individuals. This assumption provides analytical and computational advantages, however it…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-30 Laura Di Domenico , Eugenio Valdano , Vittoria Colizza

During epidemic outbreaks, information dissemination enhances individual protection, while social institutions influence the transmission through measures like government interventions, media campaigns, and hospital resource allocation.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-06-03 Mengshou Wang , Liangrong Peng , Baoguo Jia , Liu Hong

This paper studies epidemic processes over discrete-time periodic time-varying networks. We focus on the susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model that accounts for a (possibly) mutating virus. We say that an agent is in the disease-free…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-18 Sebin Gracy , Philip. E. Pare , Henrik Sandberg , Karl Henrik Johansson

In this paper we conduct a simulation study of the spread of an epidemic like COVID-19 with temporary immunity on finite spatial and non-spatial network models. In particular, we assume that an epidemic spreads stochastically on a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-12-16 Tim Hulshof , Joost Jorritsma , Júlia Komjáthy

Most previous studies of epidemic dynamics on complex networks suppose that the disease will eventually stabilize at either a disease-free state or an endemic one. In reality, however, some epidemics always exhibit sporadic and recurrent…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-11-19 Xiao-Long Peng , Michael Small , Xin-Jian Xu , Xinchu Fu

This paper proposes a novel discrete-time multi-virus SIR (susceptible-infected-recovered) model that captures the spread of competing SIR epidemics over a population network. First, we provide a sufficient condition for the infection level…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-05 Ciyuan Zhang , Sebin Gracy , Tamer Basar , Philip E. Pare

Understanding the spatio-temporal evolution of epidemics with multiple pathogens requires not only new theoretical models but also careful analysis of their practical consequences. Building on the Multiplex Bi-Virus Reaction-Diffusion…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-09-04 Alyssa Yu , Laura P. Schaposnik

Motivated by epidemics such as COVID-19, we study the spread of a contagious disease when behavior responds to the disease's prevalence. We extend the SIR epidemiological model to include endogenous meeting rates. Individuals benefit from…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-09-25 Krishna Dasaratha

Diffusion of information and viral content, social contagion and influence are still topics of broad evaluation. We have studied the information epidemic in a social networking platform in order compare different campaign setups. The goal…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-02-14 Andrzej Jarynowski , Jaroslaw Jankowski , Anita Zbieg

Epidemic spreading has been studied for a long time and most of them are focused on the growing aspect of a single epidemic outbreak. Recently, we extended the study to the case of recurrent epidemics (Sci. Rep. {\bf 5}, 16010 (2015)) but…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-05-29 Muhua Zheng , Ming Zhao , Byungjoon Min , Zonghua Liu

Advances in mathematical epidemiology have led to a better understanding of the risks posed by epidemic spreading and informed strategies to contain disease spread. However, a challenge that has been overlooked is that, as a disease becomes…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-02-17 Lucas Böttcher , Olivia Woolley-Meza , Nuno A. M. Araújo , Hans J. Herrmann , Dirk Helbing

Social contagion has been studied in various contexts. Many instances of social contagion can be modeled as an infection process where a specific state (adoption of product, fad, knowledge, behavior, etc.) spreads from individual to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-07-01 Hiroki Sayama

Masks have remained an important mitigation strategy in the fight against COVID-19 due to their ability to prevent the transmission of respiratory droplets between individuals. In this work, we provide a comprehensive quantitative analysis…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Yurun Tian , Anirudh Sridhar , Chai Wah Wu , Simon A. Levin , Kathleen M. Carley , H. Vincent Poor , Osman Yagan

Motivated by the spread of opinions on different social networks, we study a distributed continuous-time bi-virus model for a system of groups of individuals. An in-depth stability analysis is performed for more general models than have…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-03-21 Ji Liu , Philip E. Paré , Angelia Nedić , Choon Yik Tang , Carolyn L. Beck , Tamer Başar

The spreading of epidemics is very much determined by the structure of the contact network, which may be impacted by the mobility dynamics of the individuals themselves. In confined scenarios where a small, closed population spends most of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-05-09 Clara Granell , Peter J. Mucha

In this paper, we develop a multi-group epidemic framework via virtual dispersal where the risk of infection is a function of the residence time and local environmental risk. This novel approach eliminates the need to define and measure…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-04-01 Derdei Bichara , Yun Kang , Carlos Castillo-Chavez , Richard Horan , Charles Perrings

Epidemic spreading on physical contact network will naturally introduce the human awareness information diffusion on virtual contact network, and the awareness diffusion will in turn depress the epidemic spreading, thus forming the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-11-23 Bo Gao , Dawei Zhao

National stay-at-home orders, or lockdowns, were imposed in several countries to drastically reduce the social interactions mainly responsible for the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Despite being essential to slow down the COVID-19…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-11-03 Adrià Plazas , Irene Malvestio , Michele Starnini , Albert Díaz-Guilera

Under limited available resources, strategies for mitigating the propagation of an epidemic such as random testing and contact tracing become inefficient. Here, we propose to accurately allocate the resources by computing over time an…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-11-07 Gabriela Bayolo Soler , Miraine Dávila Felipe , Ghislaine Gayraud