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We propose a recurrent neural model that generates natural-language questions from documents, conditioned on answers. We show how to train the model using a combination of supervised and reinforcement learning. After teacher forcing for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-16 Xingdi Yuan , Tong Wang , Caglar Gulcehre , Alessandro Sordoni , Philip Bachman , Sandeep Subramanian , Saizheng Zhang , Adam Trischler

Conversational recommender systems aim to provide personalized recommendations via natural language interactions. However, existing approaches either decouple recommendation from dialog generation or rely on retrieval-based pipelines,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Sixiao Zhang , Mingrui Liu , Cheng Long

Question Generation (QG) is an essential component of the automatic intelligent tutoring systems, which aims to generate high-quality questions for facilitating the reading practice and assessments. However, existing QG technologies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Xin Jia , Wenjie Zhou , Xu Sun , Yunfang Wu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods encounter difficulties when addressing complex questions like multi-hop queries. While iterative retrieval methods improve performance by gathering additional information, current approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Ziyuan Zhuang , Zhiyang Zhang , Sitao Cheng , Fangkai Yang , Jia Liu , Shujian Huang , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang , Qi Zhang

Current end-to-end neural conversation models inherently lack the flexibility to impose semantic control in the response generation process, often resulting in uninteresting responses. Attempts to boost informativeness alone come at the…

End-to-end dialogue generation has achieved promising results without using handcrafted features and attributes specific for each task and corpus. However, one of the fatal drawbacks in such approaches is that they are unable to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Hao-Tong Ye , Kai-Ling Lo , Shang-Yu Su , Yun-Nung Chen

Taking an answer and its context as input, sequence-to-sequence models have made considerable progress on question generation. However, we observe that these approaches often generate wrong question words or keywords and copy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Xiyao Ma , Qile Zhu , Yanlin Zhou , Xiaolin Li , Dapeng Wu

This paper investigates a new task named Conversational Question Generation (CQG) which is to generate a question based on a passage and a conversation history (i.e., previous turns of question-answer pairs). CQG is a crucial task for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Boyuan Pan , Hao Li , Ziyu Yao , Deng Cai , Huan Sun

In response to the increasing use of interactive artificial intelligence, the demand for the capacity to handle complex questions has increased. Multi-hop question generation aims to generate complex questions that requires multi-step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Seonjeong Hwang , Yunsu Kim , Gary Geunbae Lee

The rapid development of the Internet has profoundly changed human life. Humans are increasingly expressing themselves and interacting with others on social media platforms. However, although artificial intelligence technology has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Haochen Xue , Chong Zhang , Chengzhi Liu , Fangyu Wu , Xiaobo Jin

We propose a novel text generation task, namely Curiosity-driven Question Generation. We start from the observation that the Question Generation task has traditionally been considered as the dual problem of Question Answering, hence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Thomas Scialom , Jacopo Staiano

Product question answering (PQA), aiming to automatically provide instant responses to customer's questions in E-Commerce platforms, has drawn increasing attention in recent years. Compared with typical QA problems, PQA exhibits unique…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Yang Deng , Wenxuan Zhang , Qian Yu , Wai Lam

Human communication often involves information gaps between the interlocutors. For example, in an educational dialogue, a student often provides an answer that is incomplete, and there is a gap between this answer and the perfect one…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Roni Rabin , Alexandre Djerbetian , Roee Engelberg , Lidan Hackmon , Gal Elidan , Reut Tsarfaty , Amir Globerson

Automatic extraction of product attributes from their textual descriptions is essential for online shopper experience. One inherent challenge of this task is the emerging nature of e-commerce products -- we see new types of products with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Xinyang Zhang , Chenwei Zhang , Xian Li , Xin Luna Dong , Jingbo Shang , Christos Faloutsos , Jiawei Han

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for enhancing the capabilities of large language models. However, existing RAG evaluation predominantly focuses on text retrieval and relies on opaque, end-to-end…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Chuan Xu , Qiaosheng Chen , Yutong Feng , Gong Cheng

Question generation (QG) is to generate natural and grammatical questions that can be answered by a specific answer for a given context. Previous sequence-to-sequence models suffer from a problem that asking high-quality questions requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Xin Jia , Hao Wang , Dawei Yin , Yunfang Wu

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is one of the most revolutionary technologies today. It uses artificial intelligence to understand human text and spoken words. It is used for text summarization, grammar checking, sentiment analysis, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-22 G. M. Refatul Islam , Safwan Shaheer , Yaseen Nur , Mohammad Rafid Hamid

Conversational Question Generation (CQG) enhances the interactivity of conversational question-answering systems in fields such as education, customer service, and entertainment. However, traditional CQG, focusing primarily on the immediate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Shasha Guo , Lizi Liao , Jing Zhang , Cuiping Li , Hong Chen

In neural abstractive summarization field, conventional sequence-to-sequence based models often suffer from summarizing the wrong aspect of the document with respect to the main aspect. To tackle this problem, we propose the task of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-14 Shen Gao , Xiuying Chen , Piji Li , Zhaochun Ren , Lidong Bing , Dongyan Zhao , Rui Yan

Language models pretrained on text-only corpora often struggle with tasks that require auditory commonsense knowledge. Previous work addresses this problem by augmenting the language model to retrieve knowledge from external audio…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Suho Yoo , Hyunjong Ok , Jaeho Lee