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This paper proposes an adaptive neural network-based backstepping controller that uses rigid graph theory to address the distance-based formation control problem and target tracking for nonlinear multi-agent systems with bounded time-delay…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-13 Kiarash Aryankia , Rastko R. Selmic

Although deep neural network (DNN)-based controllers are popularly used to control uncertain nonlinear dynamic systems, most results use DNNs that are pretrained offline and the corresponding controller is implemented post-training. Recent…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Omkar Sudhir Patil , Emily J. Griffis , Wanjiku A. Makumi , Warren E. Dixon

As learning-based robotic controllers are typically trained offline and deployed with fixed parameters, their ability to cope with unforeseen changes during operation is limited. Biologically inspired, this work presents a framework for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Fabian Domberg , Georg Schildbach

The robotic systems continuously interact with complex dynamical systems in the physical world. Reliable predictions of spatiotemporal evolution of these dynamical systems, with limited knowledge of system dynamics, are crucial for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Yun Long , Xueyuan She , Saibal Mukhopadhyay

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are useful in temporal sequence tasks. However, training RNNs involves dense matrix multiplications which require hardware that can support a large number of arithmetic operations and memory accesses.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Xi Chen , Chang Gao , Zuowen Wang , Longbiao Cheng , Sheng Zhou , Shih-Chii Liu , Tobi Delbruck

Robots often need to learn the human's reward function online, during the current interaction. This real-time learning requires fast but approximate learning rules: when the human's behavior is noisy or suboptimal, current approximations…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Shaunak A. Mehta , Forrest Meng , Andrea Bajcsy , Dylan P. Losey

Backpropagation (BP) is the standard algorithm for training the deep neural networks that power modern artificial intelligence including large language models. However, BP is energy inefficient and unlikely to be implemented by the brain.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Francesco Innocenti

Stateful policies play an important role in reinforcement learning, such as handling partially observable environments, enhancing robustness, or imposing an inductive bias directly into the policy structure. The conventional method for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Firas Al-Hafez , Guoping Zhao , Jan Peters , Davide Tateo

Behavior cloning is a common imitation learning paradigm. Under behavior cloning the robot collects expert demonstrations, and then trains a policy to match the actions taken by the expert. This works well when the robot learner visits…

We present an online model-based reinforcement learning algorithm suitable for controlling complex robotic systems directly in the real world. Unlike prevailing sim-to-real pipelines that rely on extensive offline simulation and model-free…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Fang Nan , Hao Ma , Qinghua Guan , Josie Hughes , Michael Muehlebach , Marco Hutter

Thanks to recent explosive developments of data-driven learning methodologies, reinforcement learning (RL) emerges as a promising solution to address the legged locomotion problem in robotics. In this paper, we propose CTS, a novel…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Hongxi Wang , Haoxiang Luo , Wei Zhang , Hua Chen

Human motion modelling is a classical problem at the intersection of graphics and computer vision, with applications spanning human-computer interaction, motion synthesis, and motion prediction for virtual and augmented reality. Following…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-09 Julieta Martinez , Michael J. Black , Javier Romero

We study online fine-tuning of pretrained control policies for autonomous driving using Real-Time Recurrent Reinforcement Learning (RTRRL), a memory-efficient algorithm that updates policy parameters at every time step without…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Julian Lemmel , Felix Resch , Mónika Farsang , Ramin Hasani , Daniela Rus , Radu Grosu

This paper considers the problem of real-time control and learning in dynamic systems subjected to parametric uncertainties. We propose a combination of a Reinforcement Learning (RL) based policy in the outer loop suitably chosen to ensure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Anuradha M. Annaswamy , Anubhav Guha , Yingnan Cui , Sunbochen Tang , Peter A. Fisher , Joseph E. Gaudio

Pretrained imitation policies have become a strong foundation for robot manipulation, but they often require online improvement to overcome execution errors, limited dataset coverage, and deployment mismatch. A central question is therefore…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Dongjie Yu , Kun Lei , Zhennan Jiang , Jia Pan , Huazhe Xu

For legged robots to match the athletic capabilities of humans and animals, they must not only produce robust periodic walking and running, but also seamlessly switch between nominal locomotion gaits and more specialized transient…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Fangzhou Yu , Ryan Batke , Jeremy Dao , Jonathan Hurst , Kevin Green , Alan Fern

We provide an algorithm for adaptive legged locomotion via online learning and model predictive control. The algorithm is composed of two interacting modules: model predictive control (MPC) and online learning of residual dynamics. The…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hongyu Zhou , Xiaoyu Zhang , Vasileios Tzoumas

It is not until we become senior citizens do we recognise how much we took maintaining a simple standing posture for granted. It is truly fascinating to observe the magnitude of control the human brain exercises, in real time, to activate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Mohammed Hossny , Julie Iskander

Multi-drone cooperative transport (CT) problem has been widely studied in the literature. However, limited work exists on control of such systems in the presence of time-varying uncertainties, such as the time-varying center of gravity…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Shraddha Barawkar , Nikhil Chopra

In this paper, the implementation of two Reinforcement learnings namely, Q Learning and Deep Q Network(DQN) on a Self Balancing Robot Gazebo model has been discussed. The goal of the experiments is to make the robot model learn the best…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-07-24 MD Muhaimin Rahman , SM Hasanur Rashid , M. M Hossain