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Node classification is an important task to solve in graph-based learning. Even though a lot of work has been done in this field, imbalance is neglected. Real-world data is not perfect, and is imbalanced in representations most of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Neeraja Kirtane , Jeshuren Chelladurai , Balaraman Ravindran , Ashish Tendulkar

Image classifiers for domain-specific tasks like Synthetic Aperture Radar Automatic Target Recognition (SAR ATR) and chest X-ray classification often rely on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). These networks, while powerful, experience…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Jacob Fein-Ashley , Sachini Wickramasinghe , Bingyi Zhang , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor Prasanna

With their increase in performance, neural network architectures also become more complex, necessitating explainability. Therefore, many new and improved methods are currently emerging, which often generate so-called saliency maps in order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Leonid Schwenke , Martin Atzmueller

Human vision achieves remarkable perceptual performance while operating under strict metabolic constraints. A key ingredient is the selective attention mechanism, driven by rapid saccadic eye movements that constantly reposition the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Matthis Dallain , Laurent Rodriguez , Laurent Udo Perrinet , Benoît Miramond

Neural Image Classifiers are effective but inherently hard to interpret and susceptible to adversarial attacks. Solutions to both problems exist, among others, in the form of counterfactual examples generation to enhance explainability or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Rafael Bischof , Florian Scheidegger , Michael A. Kraus , A. Cristiano I. Malossi

In this paper, we propose the Self-Attention Generative Adversarial Network (SAGAN) which allows attention-driven, long-range dependency modeling for image generation tasks. Traditional convolutional GANs generate high-resolution details as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-18 Han Zhang , Ian Goodfellow , Dimitris Metaxas , Augustus Odena

Class Activation Mapping (CAM) is a powerful technique used to understand the decision making of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in computer vision. Recently, there have been attempts not only to generate better visual explanations, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Kwang Hee Lee , Chaewon Park , Junghyun Oh , Nojun Kwak

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) offer great machine learning performance over a range of applications, but their operation is hard to interpret, even for experts. Various explanation algorithms have been proposed to address this issue,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Ahmed Alqaraawi , Martin Schuessler , Philipp Weiß , Enrico Costanza , Nadia Berthouze

Attention based explanations (viz. saliency maps), by providing interpretability to black box models such as deep neural networks, are assumed to improve human trust and reliance in the underlying models. Recently, it has been shown that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Arjun R Akula , Song-Chun Zhu

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are commonly used for image classification. Saliency methods are examples of approaches that can be used to interpret CNNs post hoc, identifying the most relevant pixels for a prediction following the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Nicholas Halliwell , Freddy Lecue

In the domain of non-generative visual counterfactual explanations (CE), traditional techniques frequently involve the substitution of sections within a query image with corresponding sections from distractor images. Such methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Lintong Zhang , Kang Yin , Seong-Whan Lee

Decisions made by convolutional neural networks(CNN) can be understood and explained by visualizing discriminative regions on images. To this end, Class Activation Map (CAM) based methods were proposed as powerful interpretation tools,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Yi Liao , Yongsheng Gao , Weichuan Zhang

Saliency map estimation in computer vision aims to estimate the locations where people gaze in images. Since people tend to look at objects in images, the parameters of the model pretrained on ImageNet for image classification are useful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Taiki Oyama , Takao Yamanaka

Scene graphs are a powerful structured representation of the underlying content of images, and embeddings derived from them have been shown to be useful in multiple downstream tasks. In this work, we employ a graph convolutional network to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Paridhi Maheshwari , Ritwick Chaudhry , Vishwa Vinay

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have become de fact state-of-the-art for the main computer vision tasks. However, due to the complex underlying structure their decisions are hard to understand which limits their use in some context of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Nina Schaaf , Omar de Mitri , Hang Beom Kim , Alexander Windberger , Marco F. Huber

While the self-attention mechanism has been widely used in a wide variety of tasks, it has the unfortunate property of a quadratic cost with respect to the input length, which makes it difficult to deal with long inputs. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Xiaoya Li , Yuxian Meng , Mingxin Zhou , Qinghong Han , Fei Wu , Jiwei Li

Scene graph representations, which form a graph of visual object nodes together with their attributes and relations, have proved useful across a variety of vision and language applications. Recent work in the area has used Natural Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-16 Martin Andrews , Yew Ken Chia , Sam Witteveen

Multi-label image recognition aims to predict a set of labels that present in an image. The key to deal with such problem is to mine the associations between image contents and labels, and further obtain the correct assignments between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Yanan Wu , Songhe Feng , Yang Wang

Graphs have become a central representation in machine learning for capturing relational and structured data across various domains. Traditional graph neural networks often struggle to capture long-range dependencies between nodes due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Leon Dimitrov

The attention mechanisms have been employed in Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to enhance the feature representation. However, existing attention mechanisms only concentrate on refining the features inside each sample and neglect the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Qishang Cheng , Hongliang Li , Qingbo Wu , King Ngi Ngan