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Considering the global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), around the world several vaccines are being developed. Till now, these vaccines are the most effective way to reduce the high burden on the global health…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-02-22 Dibyajyoti Mallick , Aniruddha Ray , Ankita Das , Sayantari Ghosh

During the Covid-19 pandemic a key role is played by vaccination to combat the virus. There are many possible policies for prioritizing vaccines, and different criteria for optimization: minimize death, time to herd immunity, functioning of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-03-18 Qi Luo , Ryan Weightman , Sean T. McQuade , Mateo Diaz , Emmanuel Trélat , William Barbour , Dan Work , Samitha Samaranayake , Benedetto Piccoli

In a world being hit by waves of COVID-19, vaccination is a light on the horizon. However, the roll-out of vaccination strategies and their influence on the pandemic are still open problems. In order to compare the effect of various…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-04-23 N. L. Barreiro , C. I. Ventura , T. Govezensky , M. Núñez , P. G. Bolcatto , R. A. Barrio

Game theory has been an effective tool in the control of disease spread and in suggesting optimal policies at both individual and area levels. In this AMS Notices article, we focus on the decision-making development for the intervention of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-19 Yao Xuan , Robert Balkin , Jiequn Han , Ruimeng Hu , Hector D. Ceniceros

During various stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, countries implemented diverse vaccine management approaches, influenced by variations in infrastructure and socio-economic conditions. This article provides a comprehensive overview of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-27 Shibshankar Dey , Ali Kaan Kurbanzade , Esma S. Gel , Joseph Mihaljevic , Sanjay Mehrotra

We develop a model of infection spread that takes into account the existence of a vulnerable group as well as the variability of the social relations of individuals. We develop a compartmentalized power-law model, with power-law connections…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-10-13 Simone Santini

Most governments employ a set of quasi-standard measures to fight COVID-19 including wearing masks, social distancing, virus testing, contact tracing, and vaccination. However, combining these measures into an efficient holistic pandemic…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-02-10 Balázs Pejó , Gergely Biczók

The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected US public health, resulting in over a hundred million cases and more than one million deaths. Vaccination is the key intervention against the COVID-19 pandemic. Multiple COVID-19 vaccines are now…

Applications · Statistics 2025-02-25 Asim K. Dey

The development and authorization of COVID-19 vaccines has provided the clearest path forward to eliminate community spread hence end the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. However, the limited pace at which the vaccine can be administered…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-03-11 Glenn Young , Pengcheng Xiao , Kenneth Newcomb , Edwin Michael

In response to COVID-19, many countries have mandated social distancing and banned large group gatherings in order to slow down the spread of SARS-CoV-2. These social interventions along with vaccines remain the best way forward to reduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-11 George Li , Ann Li , Madhav Marathe , Aravind Srinivasan , Leonidas Tsepenekas , Anil Vullikanti

The Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus represents an unprecedented crisis for our planet. It is a bane of the \"uber connected world that we live in that this virus has affected almost all countries and…

Since early 2020, the world has been dealing with a raging pandemic outbreak: COVID-19. A year later, vaccines have become accessible, but in limited quantities, so that governments needed to devise a strategy to decide which part of the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-13 Sander Tonkens , Paul de Klaver , Mauro Salazar

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted health systems and economies worldwide. Significant global efforts are therefore ongoing to improve vaccine efficacies, optimize vaccine deployment, and develop new antiviral therapies to combat…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-12-21 Rajat Desikan , Pranesh Padmanabhan , Andrzej M. Kierzek , Piet H. van der Graaf

Most countries have started vaccinating people against COVID-19. However, due to limited production capacities and logistical challenges it will take months/years until herd immunity is achieved. Therefore, vaccination and social distancing…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-04-22 Sara Grundel , Stefan Heyder , Thomas Hotz , Tobias K. S. Ritschel , Philipp Sauerteig , Karl Worthmann

The pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has exposed many flaws in the decision-making strategies used to distribute resources to combat global health crises. In this paper, we leverage reinforcement learning and optimization to improve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Lawrence Thul , Warren Powell

Epidemic risk assessment poses inherent challenges, with traditional approaches often failing to balance health outcomes and economic constraints. This paper presents a data-driven decision support tool that models epidemiological dynamics…

Applications · Statistics 2025-11-24 Chang Zhai , Ping Chen , Zhuo Jin , David Pitt

The sudden and rapid spread of the COVID_19 pandemic with its terrible consequences has put the management of governments and the various world institutions into a crisis. They have been subjected to a considerable economic effort to be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-08 Rehana Naz , Andrew Omame , Mariano Torrisi

Vaccination campaigns have saved thousands of lives, reaching the farthest places in the world. These campaigns have required substantial investments and accurate coordination between several actors within the vaccine supply chain. Despite…

We analyze an optimal control version of a simple SIR epidemiology model that includes a partially specified vaccination policy and takes into account fatigue from protracted application of social distancing measures. The model assumes…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-08-17 Evangelos F. Magirou

In the context of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, mathematical modelling has played a fundamental role for making forecasts, simulating scenarios and evaluating the impact of preventive political, social and pharmaceutical measures. Optimal control…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-01 Giovanni Ziarelli , Luca Dede' , Nicola Parolini , Marco Verani , Alfio Quarteroni
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