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Cloud is critical for planetary climate and habitability, but it is also one of the most challenging parts of studying planets in and beyond the solar system. Here we use a cloud-resolving model (CRM) with high resolution (2 km) in a…
The paraconductivity, originating from critical superconducting order-parameter fluctuations in the vicinity of the critical temperature in a layered superconductor is calculated in the frame of the self-consistent Hartree approximation,…
In a semiclassical view superconductivity is attributed exclusively to the advance of atoms' outer s electrons through the nuclei of neighbor atoms in a solid. The necessary progression of holes in the opposite direction has the electric…
The transit spectrum of the exoplanet HD 189733b has recently been obtained between 0.55 and 1.05 microns. Here we present an analysis of this spectrum. We develop first-order equations to interpret absorption spectra. In the case of HD…
We provide a consistent theory of the tachocline confinement (or anisotropic momentum transport) within an hydrodynamical turbulence model. The goal is to explain helioseismological data, which show that the solar tachocline thickness is at…
Recent MHD dynamo simulations for magnetic Prandtl number $>1$ demonstrate that when MHD turbulence is forced with sufficient kinetic helicity, the saturated magnetic energy spectrum evolves from having a single peak below the forcing scale…
The habitable fraction of a planet's surface is important for the detectability of surface biosignatures. The extent and distribution of habitable areas is influenced by external parameters that control the planet's climate, atmospheric…
We treat of the high-energy astrophysics of the inner ~200 pc of the Galaxy. Our modelling of this region shows that the supernovae exploding here every few thousand years inject enough power to i) sustain the steady-state, in situ…
Measurements of the large cellular flows on the Sun were made by local correlation tracking of supergranules seen in full-disk Doppler images obtained by the HMI instrument on the NASA SDO satellite. The hourly measurements were averaged…
Loop-aligned hydrodynamic modelings help better understand the thermodynamic evolution of flaring plasma confined in solar flare loops. Conventional loop modelings typically assume a uniform loop cross section. With a variation of the cross…
This paper reviews our growing understanding of the physics behind coronal heating (in open-field regions) and the acceleration of the solar wind. Many new insights have come from the last solar cycle's worth of observations and theoretical…
The inner edge of the classical habitable zone is often defined by the critical flux needed to trigger the runaway greenhouse instability. This 1D notion of a critical flux, however, may not be so relevant for inhomogeneously irradiated…
Time-dependent meridional circulation and differential rotation in radiative zones are central open issues in stellar evolution theory. We streamline this challenging problem using the downward control principle of atmospheric science,…
Enceladus is believed to have a saltwater global ocean with a mean depth of at least 30~km, heated from below at the ocean-core interface and cooled at the top, where the ocean loses heat to the icy lithosphere above. This scenario suggests…
The kinetic energy budget of the atmosphere's meridional circulation cells is analytically assessed. In the upper atmosphere kinetic energy generation grows with increasing surface temperature difference \$\Delta T_s\$ between the cold and…
The upper critical field $H_{c2} $, the field $H_{c3}$ for nucleation of the surface superconductivity, and the thermodynamic $H_c $ are evaluated within the weak-coupling theory for the isotropic s-wave case and arbitrary transport and…
A general circulation model of intermediate complexity with an idealized earthlike aquaplanet setup is used to study the impact of changes in the oceanic heat transport on the global atmospheric circulation. Focus is put on the Lorenz…
We present the first determination of the topological susceptibility from lattice QCD in the presence of strong background magnetic fields. Our simulations employ 2+1 flavours of stout improved staggered quarks with physical masses and…
The attractive Hubbard model has become a model readily realizable with ultracold atoms on optical lattices. However, the superconducting (superfluid) critical temperatures, $T_c$'s, are still somewhat smaller than the lowest temperatures…
We study the heat capacity of a static system of self-gravitating radiations analytically in the context of general relativity. To avoid the complexity due to a conical singularity at the center, we excise the central part and replace it…