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Bounding box (bbox) regression is a fundamental task in computer vision. So far, the most commonly used loss functions for bbox regression are the Intersection over Union (IoU) loss and its variants. In this paper, we generalize existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Jiabo He , Sarah Erfani , Xingjun Ma , James Bailey , Ying Chi , Xian-Sheng Hua

Arbitrary-oriented object detection is a relatively emerging but challenging task. Although remarkable progress has been made, there still remain many unsolved issues due to the large diversity of patterns in orientation, scale, aspect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Peng Sun , Yongbin Zheng , Wenqi Wu , Wanying Xu , Shengjian Bai

Weakly supervised object localization aims to find a target object region in a given image with only weak supervision, such as image-level labels. Most existing methods use a class activation map (CAM) to generate a localization map;…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Eunji Kim , Siwon Kim , Jungbeom Lee , Hyunwoo Kim , Sungroh Yoon

Optimizing the similarity between parametric shapes is crucial for numerous computer vision tasks, where Intersection over Union (IoU) stands as the canonical measure. However, existing optimization methods exhibit significant shortcomings:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Duy-Tho Le , Trung Pham , Jianfei Cai , Hamid Rezatofighi

Intersection over Union (IoU) is the most popular evaluation metric used in the object detection benchmarks. However, there is a gap between optimizing the commonly used distance losses for regressing the parameters of a bounding box and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Hamid Rezatofighi , Nathan Tsoi , JunYoung Gwak , Amir Sadeghian , Ian Reid , Silvio Savarese

The generalization performance of deep neural networks in classification tasks is a major concern in machine learning research. Despite widespread techniques used to diminish the over-fitting issue such as data augmentation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Mohammad Lashkari , Amin Gheibi

Tool wear monitoring is crucial for quality control and cost reduction in manufacturing processes, of which drilling applications are one example. In this paper, we present a U-Net based semantic image segmentation pipeline, deployed on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Elke Schlager , Andreas Windisch , Lukas Hanna , Thomas Klünsner , Elias Jan Hagendorfer , Tamara Teppernegg

Training a robust classifier and an accurate box regressor are difficult for occluded pedestrian detection. Traditionally adopted Intersection over Union (IoU) measurement does not consider the occluded region of the object and leads to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Ruiqi Lu , Huimin Ma

Object counting and localization are key steps for quantitative analysis in large-scale microscopy applications. This procedure becomes challenging when target objects are overlapping, are densely clustered, and/or present fuzzy boundaries.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Shijie Li , Thomas Ach , Guido Gerig

Unsupervised localization and segmentation are long-standing robot vision challenges that describe the critical ability for an autonomous robot to learn to decompose images into individual objects without labeled data. These tasks are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Xinyu Zhang , Abdeslam Boularias

The localization quality of automatic object detectors is typically evaluated by the Intersection over Union (IoU) score. In this work, we show that humans have a different view on localization quality. To evaluate this, we conduct a survey…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Ombretta Strafforello , Vanathi Rajasekart , Osman S. Kayhan , Oana Inel , Jan van Gemert

Label assignment plays a significant role in modern object detection models. Detection models may yield totally different performances with different label assignment strategies. For anchor-based detection models, the IoU (Intersection over…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Tianxiao Zhang , Bo Luo , Ajay Sharda , Guanghui Wang

The use of object detection algorithms is becoming increasingly important in autonomous vehicles, and object detection at high accuracy and a fast inference speed is essential for safe autonomous driving. A false positive (FP) from a false…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Jiwoong Choi , Dayoung Chun , Hyun Kim , Hyuk-Jae Lee

Numerous improvements for feedback mechanisms have contributed to the great progress in object detection. In this paper, we first present an evaluation-feedback module, which is proposed to consist of evaluation system and feedback…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Dong Chen , Duoqian Miao

Object grasping is a crucial technology enabling robots to perceive and interact with the environment sufficiently. However, in practical applications, researchers are faced with missing or noisy ground truth while training the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Yangfan Deng , Mengyao Zhang , Yong Zhao

Object detection systems based on the deep convolutional neural network (CNN) have recently made ground- breaking advances on several object detection benchmarks. While the features learned by these high-capacity neural networks are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-15 Yuting Zhang , Kihyuk Sohn , Ruben Villegas , Gang Pan , Honglak Lee

We study loss functions that measure the accuracy of a prediction based on multiple data points simultaneously. To our knowledge, such loss functions have not been studied before in the area of property elicitation or in machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-06 Sebastian Casalaina-Martin , Rafael Frongillo , Tom Morgan , Bo Waggoner

Since Intersection-over-Union (IoU) based optimization maintains the consistency of the final IoU prediction metric and losses, it has been widely used in both regression and classification branches of single-stage 2D object detectors.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Hualian Sheng , Sijia Cai , Na Zhao , Bing Deng , Jianqiang Huang , Xian-Sheng Hua , Min-Jian Zhao , Gim Hee Lee

The cross entropy loss is widely used due to its effectiveness and solid theoretical grounding. However, as training progresses, the loss tends to focus on hard to classify samples, which may prevent the network from obtaining gains in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Barak Battash , Lior Wolf , Tamir Hazan

Monocular 3D object detection is a challenging task because depth information is difficult to obtain from 2D images. A subset of viewpoint-agnostic monocular 3D detection methods also do not explicitly leverage scene homography or geometry…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Xinxuan Lu , Derek Gloudemans , Shepard Xia , Daniel B. Work