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The increasing use of deep neural networks for safety-critical applications, such as autonomous driving and flight control, raises concerns about their safety and reliability. Formal verification can address these concerns by guaranteeing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Lindsey Kuper , Guy Katz , Justin Gottschlich , Kyle Julian , Clark Barrett , Mykel Kochenderfer

We study the verification problem for closed-loop dynamical systems with neural-network controllers (NNCS). This problem is commonly reduced to computing the set of reachable states. When considering dynamical systems and neural networks in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-07 Christian Schilling , Marcelo Forets , Sebastian Guadalupe

Neural certificates have emerged as a powerful tool in cyber-physical systems control, providing witnesses of correctness. These certificates, such as barrier functions, often learned alongside control policies, once verified, serve as…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Thomas A. Henzinger , Konstantin Kueffner , Emily Yu

Formal verification provides critical security assurances for neural networks, yet its practical application suffers from the long verification time. This work introduces a novel method for training verification-friendly neural networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zongxin Liu , Zhe Zhao , Fu Song , Jun Sun , Pengfei Yang , Xiaowei Huang , Lijun Zhang

Recent advances in machine learning technologies and sensing have paved the way for the belief that safe, accessible, and convenient autonomous vehicles may be realized in the near future. Despite tremendous advances within this context,…

The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in robotic systems presents unique safety challenges, particularly in unpredictable environments. Although LLMs, leveraging zero-shot learning, enhance human-robot interaction and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Ahmad Hafez , Alireza Naderi Akhormeh , Amr Hegazy , Amr Alanwar

This paper presents a new approach to design verified compositions of Neural Network (NN) controllers for autonomous systems with tasks captured by Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) formulas. Particularly, the LTL formula requires the system to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Jun Wang , Samarth Kalluraya , Yiannis Kantaros

Formal verification provides strong safety guarantees but only for models of cyber-physical systems. Hybrid system models describe the required interplay of computation and physical dynamics, which is crucial to guarantee what computations…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Stefan Mitsch , André Platzer

For the design and implementation of engineering systems, performing model-based analysis can disclose potential safety issues at an early stage. The analysis of hybrid system models is in general difficult due to the intrinsic complexity…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-01-26 Yi Deng , Agung Julius

Neural networks (NNs) have been shown to learn complex control laws successfully, often with performance advantages or decreased computational cost compared to alternative methods. Neural network controllers (NNCs) are, however, highly…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-08 Oliver Gates , Matthew Newton , Konstantinos Gatsis

Complex dynamical systems rely on the correct deployment and operation of numerous components, with state-of-the-art methods relying on learning-enabled components in various stages of modeling, sensing, and control at both offline and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-22 Weiming Xiang

This paper describes a verification case study on an autonomous racing car with a neural network (NN) controller. Although several verification approaches have been proposed over the last year, they have only been evaluated on…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-25 Radoslav Ivanov , Taylor J. Carpenter , James Weimer , Rajeev Alur , George J. Pappas , Insup Lee

In the current control design of safety-critical autonomous systems, formal verification techniques are typically applied after the controller is designed to evaluate whether the required properties (e.g., safety) are satisfied. However,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-08 Yixuan Wang , Chao Huang , Zhaoran Wang , Zhilu Wang , Qi Zhu

Applying neural networks as controllers in dynamical systems has shown great promises. However, it is critical yet challenging to verify the safety of such control systems with neural-network controllers in the loop. Previous methods for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-26 Chao Huang , Jiameng Fan , Wenchao Li , Xin Chen , Qi Zhu

In this work, we consider the problem of learning a feed-forward neural network controller to safely steer an arbitrarily shaped planar robot in a compact and obstacle-occluded workspace. Unlike existing methods that depend strongly on the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-14 Panagiotis Vlantis , Leila J. Bridgeman , Michael M. Zavlanos

In this work, we address the problem of formal safety verification for stochastic cyber-physical systems (CPS) equipped with ReLU neural network (NN) controllers. Our goal is to find the set of initial states from where, with a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-10 Shiqi Sun , Yan Zhang , Xusheng Luo , Panagiotis Vlantis , Miroslav Pajic , Michael M. Zavlanos

To provide safety guarantees for learning-based control systems, recent work has developed formal verification methods to apply after training ends. However, if the trained policy does not meet the specifications, or there is conservatism…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-24 Puja Chaudhury , Alexander Estornell , Michael Everett

This paper considers the problem of reachability analysis of control systems with optimal controllers, as a first step towards verifying the safety and correctness of such systems. Despite their appeal in guaranteeing task satisfaction…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-20 Dylan Le , Joel McCandless , Carlos Varela , Radoslav Ivanov

Safety for control systems is often posed as an invariance constraint; the system is said to be safe if state trajectories avoid some unsafe region of the statespace for all time. An assured controller is one that enforces safety online by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-18 Matthew Abate , Samuel Coogan

Neural network controllers (NNCs) have shown great promise in autonomous and cyber-physical systems. Despite the various verification approaches for neural networks, the safety analysis of NNCs remains an open problem. Existing verification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Chi Zhang , Wenjie Ruan , Peipei Xu