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We introduce a probabilistic model of early visual processing, beginning with the interaction between a light wavefront and the retina. We argue that perception originates not with deterministic transduction, but with probabilistic…
Vital to primary visual processing, retinal circuitry shows many similar structures across a very broad array of species, both vertebrate and non-vertebrate, especially functional components such as lateral inhibition. This surprisingly…
Feedback control plays a central role in active matter, yet it is inevitably accompanied by noise and finite perception--action delays. This Perspective reviews recent advances on active systems with delayed interactions, showing how time…
This paper is a comprehensive study of a long observed phenomenon of increase in the stability margin and so the rate of convergence of a class of linear systems due to time delay. We use Lambert W function to determine (a) in what systems…
Current vision-language detection and grounding models predominantly focus on prompts with positive semantics and often struggle to accurately interpret and ground complex expressions containing negative semantics. A key reason for this…
Answer selection (answer ranking) is one of the key steps in many kinds of question answering (QA) applications, where deep models have achieved state-of-the-art performance. Among these deep models, recurrent neural network (RNN) based…
Generative networks are fundamentally different in their aim and methods compared to CNNs for classification, segmentation, or object detection. They have initially not been meant to be an image analysis tool, but to produce naturally…
Neural processes (NPs) learn stochastic processes and predict the distribution of target output adaptively conditioned on a context set of observed input-output pairs. Furthermore, Attentive Neural Process (ANP) improved the prediction…
Feedback control can be used to generate well-determined nonlinear effective potentials in an optical trap, a goal whose applications may range from non-equilibrium thermodynamics to the generation of non-Gaussian states of mechanical…
The plasticity of the conduction delay between neurons plays a fundamental role in learning. However, the exact underlying mechanisms in the brain for this modulation is still an open problem. Understanding the precise adjustment of…
A Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) with generator $G$ trained to model the prior of images has been shown to perform better than sparsity-based regularizers in ill-posed inverse problems. Here, we propose a new method of deploying a…
Growing supermassive black holes (Active Galactic Nuclei; AGN) release energy with the potential to alter their host galaxies and larger-scale environment; a process named "AGN feedback". Feedback is a required component of galaxy formation…
Procrastination, the irrational delay of tasks, is a common occurrence in online learning. Potential negative consequences include higher risk of drop-outs, increased stress, and reduced mood. Due to the rise of learning management systems…
To compensate for sensory processing delays, the visual system must make predictions to ensure timely and appropriate behaviors. Recent work has found predictive information about the stimulus in neural populations early in vision…
The intersection of machine learning and dynamical systems has generated considerable interest recently. Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (NODEs) represent a rich overlap between these fields. In this paper, we develop a continuous…
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of preventable blindness among working-age adults worldwide, yet most automated screening systems are limited to image-level classification and lack clinically structured reporting. We propose…
Intrinsic motivation, inspired by the psychology of developmental learning in infants, stimulates exploration in agents without relying solely on sparse external rewards. Existing methods in reinforcement learning like Random Network…
Active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback, driven by radiation pressure on dust, is an important mechanism for efficiently coupling the accreting black hole to the surrounding environment. Recent observations confirm that X-ray selected AGN…
We aim to ask and answer an essential question "how quickly do we react after observing a displayed visual target?" To this end, we present psychophysical studies that characterize the remarkable disconnect between human saccadic behaviors…
Adversarial examples highlight model vulnerabilities and are useful for evaluation and interpretation. We define universal adversarial triggers: input-agnostic sequences of tokens that trigger a model to produce a specific prediction when…