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The quantum random number generation based on laser phase noise, which is featured with high generation rate and ease for photonic integration, has been extensively investigated and demonstrated. Despite these advancements, a theoretical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Jinlu Liu , Jie Yang , Yu Gao , Guowei Zhang , Yan Pan , Heng Wang , Yuyang Ding , Yang Li , Wei Huang , Bingjie Xu , Wei Chen

The speed of a quantum random number generator is essential for practical applications, such as high-speed quantum key distribution systems. Here, we push the speed of a quantum random number generator to 68 Gbps by operating a laser around…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 You-Qi Nie , Leilei Huang , Yang Liu , Frank Payne , Jun Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

The generation of random numbers via quantum processes is an efficient and reliable method to obtain true indeterministic random numbers that are of vital importance to cryptographic communication and large-scale computer modeling. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 J. Y. Haw , S. M. Assad , A. M. Lance , N. H. Y. Ng , V. Sharma , P. K. Lam , T. Symul

Randomness extraction is a key problem in cryptography and theoretical computer science. With the recent rapid development of quantum cryptography, quantum-proof randomness extraction has also been widely studied, addressing the security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-15 Qian Li , Xiaoming Sun , Xingjian Zhang , Hongyi Zhou

Quantum random number generation exploits inherent randomness of quantum mechanical processes and measurements. Real-time generation rate of quantum random numbers is usually limited by electronic bandwidth and data processing rates. Here…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 Xiaomin Guo , Chen Cheng , Mingchuan Wu , Qingzhong Gao , Pu Li , Yanqiang Guo

We present a practical high-speed quantum random number generator, where the timing of single-photon detection relative to an external time reference is measured as the raw data. The bias of the raw data can be substantially reduced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-06 You-Qi Nie , Hong-Fei Zhang , Zhen Zhang , Jian Wang , Xiongfeng Ma , Jun Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

The entropy or randomness source is an essential ingredient in random number generation. Quantum random number generators generally require well modeled and calibrated light sources, such as a laser, to generate randomness. With…

We demonstrate a quantum random number generator based on the random nature of the phase difference between two independent laser sources. The speed of random bit generation is determined by the photodetector bandwidth and the linewidth of…

A quantum random number generator (QRNG) can generate true randomness by exploiting the fundamental indeterminism of quantum mechanics. Most approaches to QRNG employ single-photon detection technologies and are limited in speed. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-12 Feihu Xu , Bing Qi , Xiongfeng Ma , He Xu , Haoxuan Zheng , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Based on the intrinsic random property of quantum mechanics, quantum random number generators allow for access of truly unpredictable random sequence and are now heading towards high performance and small miniaturization, among which a…

Quantum random number generator (QRNG) utilizes the intrinsic randomness of quantum systems to generate completely unpredictable and genuine random numbers, finding wide applications across many fields. QRNGs relying on the phase noise of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-28 Jialiang Li , Zitao Huang , Chunlin Yu , Jiajie Wu , Tongge Zhao , Xiangwei Zhu , Shihai Sun

Quantum-proof randomness extraction is essential for handling quantum side information possessed by a quantum adversary, which is widely applied in various quantum cryptography tasks. In this study, we introduce a real-time two-source…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-23 Qian Li , Hongyi Zhou

Random Number Generators (RNGs) are crucial for applications ranging from cryptography to simulations. Depending on the source of randomness, RNGs are classified into Pseudo-Random Number Generators (PRNGs), True Random Number Generators…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-02 Anurag K. S. V. , Shubham Chouhan , K. Srinivasan , G. Raghavan , Kanaka Raju P

Quantum random number generator harnesses the power of quantum mechanics to generate true random numbers, making it valuable for various scientific applications. However, real-world devices often suffer from imperfections that can undermine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-07 Xing Lin , Rong Wang

We present a random number generation scheme based on measuring the phase fluctuations of a laser with a simple and compact experimental setup. A simple model is established to analyze the randomness and the simulation result based on this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-05 Jie Yang , Jinlu Liu , Qi Su , Zhengyu Li , Fan Fan , Bingjie Xu , Hong Guo

Fast secure random number generation is essential for high-speed encrypted communication, and is the backbone of information security. Generation of truly random numbers depends on the intrinsic randomness of the process used and is usually…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-15 Ben Haylock , Daniel Peace , Francesco Lenzini , Christian Weedbrook , Mirko Lobino

This work reports on setup, characterisation and data processing of a true quantum random number generator. As a randomness source a pure quantum vacuum state of light is used, which is amplified by a laser beam. Performance and behaviour…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-12 Bastian Hacker

Secure random numbers are a fundamental element of many applications in science, statistics, cryptography and more in general in security protocols. We present a method that enables the generation of high-speed unpredictable random numbers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-15 Davide G. Marangon , Giuseppe Vallone , Paolo Villoresi

Quantum random-number generators (QRNGs) can offer a means to generate information-theoretically provable random numbers, in principle. In practice, unfortunately, the quantum randomness is inevitably mixed with classical randomness due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-25 Xiongfeng Ma , Feihu Xu , He Xu , Xiaoqing Tan , Bing Qi , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Random numbers are essential for our modern information based society e.g. in cryptography. Unlike frequently used pseudo-random generators, physical random number generators do not depend on complex algorithms but rather on a physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Mario Stipčević , Rupert Ursin
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