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This paper presents methods to analyze functional brain networks and signals from graph spectral perspectives. The notion of frequency and filters traditionally defined for signals supported on regular domains such as discrete time and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-11-03 Weiyu Huang , Leah Goldsberry , Nicholas F. Wymbs , Scott T. Grafton , Danielle S. Bassett , Alejandro Ribeiro

Classical spectral graph theory relies on the symmetry of the adjacency and Laplacian operators, which guarantees orthogonal eigenbases and energy-preserving Fourier transforms. However, real-world networks are intrinsically directed and…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Chandrasekhar Gokavarapu

In this paper, we redefine the Graph Fourier Transform (GFT) under the DSP$_\mathrm{G}$ framework. We consider the Jordan eigenvectors of the directed Laplacian as graph harmonics and the corresponding eigenvalues as the graph frequencies.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-01-14 Rahul Singh , Abhishek Chakraborty , B. S. Manoj

The study of networks has witnessed an explosive growth over the past decades with several ground-breaking methods introduced. A particularly interesting -- and prevalent in several fields of study -- problem is that of inferring a function…

In this paper, we consider Wiener filters to reconstruct deterministic and (wide-band) stationary graph signals from their observations corrupted by random noises, and we propose distributed algorithms to implement Wiener filters and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-10 Cong Zheng , Cheng Cheng , Qiyu Sun

The Fast Fourier Transform is extended to functions on finite graphs whose edges are identified with intervals of finite length. Spectral and pseudospectral methods are developed to solve a wide variety of time dependent partial…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-11 Robert Carlson

Many machine learning techniques have been proposed in the last few years to process data represented in graph-structured form. Graphs can be used to model several scenarios, from molecules and materials to RNA secondary structures. Several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Nicolò Navarin , Dinh V. Tran , Alessandro Sperduti

The computational efficiency of many neural operators, widely used for learning solutions of PDEs, relies on the fast Fourier transform (FFT) for performing spectral computations. As the FFT is limited to equispaced (rectangular) grids,…

Kernels on graphs have had limited options for node-level problems. To address this, we present a novel, generalized kernel for graphs with node feature data for semi-supervised learning. The kernel is derived from a regularization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Yin-Cong Zhi , Felix L. Opolka , Yin Cheng Ng , Pietro Liò , Xiaowen Dong

Graph signal processing (GSP) has become an important tool in many areas such as image processing, networking learning and analysis of social network data. In this paper, we propose a broader framework that not only encompasses traditional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-08 Feng Ji , Wee Peng Tay

We study the problem of selecting the best sampling set for bandlimited reconstruction of signals on graphs. A frequency domain representation for graph signals can be defined using the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of variation operators…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-06-29 Aamir Anis , Akshay Gadde , Antonio Ortega

The majority of popular graph kernels is based on the concept of Haussler's $\mathcal{R}$-convolution kernel and defines graph similarities in terms of mutual substructures. In this work, we enrich these similarity measures by considering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Till Hendrik Schulz , Pascal Welke , Stefan Wrobel

Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks (HGNNs) have gained significant popularity in various heterogeneous graph learning tasks. However, most existing HGNNs rely on spatial domain-based methods to aggregate information, i.e., manually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Mingguo He , Zhewei Wei , Shikun Feng , Zhengjie Huang , Weibin Li , Yu Sun , Dianhai Yu

In this study, we challenge the traditional approach of frequency analysis on directed graphs, which typically relies on a single measure of signal variation such as total variation. We argue that the inherent directionality in directed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-17 Semin Kwak , Laura Shimabukuro , Antonio Ortega

We study linear filters for processing signals supported on abstract topological spaces modeled as simplicial complexes, which may be interpreted as generalizations of graphs that account for nodes, edges, triangular faces etc. To process…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-21 Maosheng Yang , Elvin Isufi , Michael T. Schaub , Geert Leus

Polynomial graph filters and their inverses play important roles in graph signal processing. An advantage of polynomial graph filters is that they can be implemented in a distributed manner, which involves data transmission between adjacent…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Nazar Emirov , Cheng Cheng , Junzheng Jiang , Qiyu Sun

Score-based diffusion models in infinite-dimensional function spaces provide a mathematically principled framework for modelling function-valued data, offering key advantages such as resolution invariance and the ability to handle irregular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 James Rowbottom , Elizabeth L. Baker , Nick Huang , Ben Adcock , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Alexander Denker

In recent years, spectral graph neural networks, characterized by polynomial filters, have garnered increasing attention and have achieved remarkable performance in tasks such as node classification. These models typically assume that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Kangkang Lu , Yanhua Yu , Hao Fei , Xuan Li , Zixuan Yang , Zirui Guo , Meiyu Liang , Mengran Yin , Tat-Seng Chua

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable success in various graph-based learning tasks. While their performance is often attributed to the powerful neighborhood aggregation mechanism, recent studies suggest that other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Yushun Dong , Patrick Soga , Yinhan He , Song Wang , Jundong Li

Graph signal processing extends spectral analysis to data supported on irregular domains. Existing fractional transforms for two-dimensional graph signals, including the two-dimensional graph fractional Fourier transform (GFRFT), typically…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Mingzhi Wang , Manjun Cui , Feiyue Zhao , Yangfan He , Zhichao Zhang