English
Related papers

Related papers: How Likely Are Large Elections Tied?

200 papers

We consider the problem of manipulation of elections using positional voting rules under Impartial Culture voter behaviour. We consider both the logical possibility of coalitional manipulation, and the number of voters that must be…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Geoffrey Pritchard , Mark C. Wilson

Many hard computational social choice problems are known to become tractable when voters' preferences belong to a restricted domain, such as those of single-peaked or single-crossing preferences. However, to date, all algorithmic results of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-12 Edith Elkind , Martin Lackner

Despite extensive theoretical research on proportionality in approval-based multiwinner voting, its impact on which committees and candidates can be selected in practice remains poorly understood. We address this gap by (i) analyzing the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Niclas Boehmer , Lara Glessen , Jannik Peters

How often will elections end in landslides? What is the probability for a head-to-head race? Analyzing ballot results from several large countries rather anomalous and yet unexplained distributions have been observed. We identify tactical…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-09-17 Nuno A. M. Araújo , José S. Andrade , Hans J. Herrmann

A recently proposed graph-theoretic metric, the influence gap, has shown to be a reliable predictor of the effect of social influence in two-party elections, albeit only tested on regular and scale-free graphs. Here, we investigate whether…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Jacques Bara , Omer Lev , Paolo Turrini

The Possible-Winner problem asks, given an election where the voters' preferences over the set of candidates is partially specified, whether a distinguished candidate can become a winner. In this work, we consider the computational…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Batya Kenig

A canonical problem in social choice is how to aggregate ranked votes: given $n$ voters' rankings over $m$ candidates, what voting rule $f$ should we use to aggregate these votes into a single winner? One standard method for comparing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Bailey Flanigan , Daniel Halpern , Alexandros Psomas

Social networks are increasingly being used to conduct polls. We introduce a simple model of such social polling. We suppose agents vote sequentially, but the order in which agents choose to vote is not necessarily fixed. We also suppose…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-02-08 Serge Gaspers , Victor Naroditskiy , Nina Narodytska , Toby Walsh

We develop a framework that leverages the smoothed complexity analysis by Spielman and Teng to circumvent paradoxes and impossibility theorems in social choice, motivated by modern applications of social choice powered by AI and ML. For…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Lirong Xia

Single-peakedness is one of the most important and well-known domain restrictions on preferences. The computational study of single-peaked electorates has largely been restricted to elections with tie-free votes, and recent work that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-06-21 Zack Fitzsimmons , Edith Hemaspaandra

Election systems based on scores generally determine the winner by computing the score of each candidate and the winner is the candidate with the best score. It would be natural to expect that computing the winner of an election is at least…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Zack Fitzsimmons , Edith Hemaspaandra

We study the properties of elections that have a given position matrix (in such elections each candidate is ranked on each position by a number of voters specified in the matrix). We show that counting elections that generate a given…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Niclas Boehmer , Jin-Yi Cai , Piotr Faliszewski , Austen Z. Fan , Łukasz Janeczko , Andrzej Kaczmarczyk , Tomasz Wąs

In modern democracies, the outcome of elections and referendums is often remarkably tight. The repetition of these divisive events are the hallmark of a split society; to the physicist, however, it is an astonishing feat for such large…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-02-20 Olivier Devauchelle , Piotr Szymczak , Piotr Nowakowski

Apportionment is the act of distributing the seats of a legislature among political parties (or states) in proportion to their vote shares (or populations). A famous impossibility by Balinski and Young (2001) shows that no apportionment…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-07 José Correa , Paul Gölz , Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin , Jamie Tucker-Foltz , Victor Verdugo

We consider the approval-based model of elections, and undertake a computational study of voting rules which select committees whose size is not predetermined. While voting rules that output committees with a predetermined number of winning…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-20 Piotr Faliszewski , Arkadii Slinko , Nimrod Talmon

We are given a bipartite graph $G = \left( A \cup B, E \right)$. In the one-sided model, every $a \in A$ (often called agents) ranks its neighbours $z \in N_{a}$ strictly, and no $b \in B$ has any preference order over its neighbours $y \in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Koustav De

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integral to information dissemination and decision-making processes. Given their growing societal influence, understanding potential biases, particularly within the political domain, is crucial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Konrad Löhr , Shuzhou Yuan , Michael Färber

This paper contains an extensive combinatorial analysis of the single-peaked domain restriction and investigates the likelihood that an election is single-peaked. We provide a very general upper bound result for domain restrictions that can…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Marie-Louise Lackner , Martin Lackner

The computational complexity of winner determination under common voting rules is a classical and fundamental topic in the field of computational social choice. Previous work has established the NP-hardness of winner determination under…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Lirong Xia , Weiqiang Zheng

How to design fair and (computationally) efficient voting rules is a central challenge in Computational Social Choice. In this paper, we aim at designing efficient algorithms for computing most equitable rules for large classes of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Lirong Xia