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Hidden Markov models (HMMs) offer a robust and efficient framework for analyzing time series data, modelling both the underlying latent state progression over time and the observation process, conditional on the latent state. However, a…

Applications · Statistics 2024-07-19 Ioannis Rotous , Alex Diana , Alessio Farcomeni , Eleni Matechou , Andréa Thiebault

Social media signals have been successfully used to develop large-scale predictive and anticipatory analytics. For example, forecasting stock market prices and influenza outbreaks. Recently, social data has been explored to forecast price…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-07-02 Maria Glenski , Tim Weninger , Svitlana Volkova

Bitcoin and Ethereum are the top two blockchain-based cryptocurrencies whether from cryptocurrency market cap or popularity. However, they are vulnerable to selfish mining and stubborn mining due to that both of them adopt Proof-of-Work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Runkai Yang , Xiaolin Chang , Jelena Mišić , Vojislav B. Mišić

Hidden Markov models (HMM) have been widely used by scientists to model stochastic systems: the underlying process is a discrete Markov chain and the observations are noisy realizations of the underlying process. Determining the number of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-18 Yang Chen , Cheng-Der Fuh , Chu-Lan Michael Kao

Financial time series have historically been assumed to be a martingale process under the Random Walk hypothesis. Instead of making investment decisions using the raw prices alone, various multimodal pattern matching algorithms have been…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-08-21 Minsuk Kim , Byungchul Kim , Junyeong Yong , Jeongwoo Park , Gyeongmin Kim

Accurately forecasting the direction of financial returns poses a formidable challenge, given the inherent unpredictability of financial time series. The task becomes even more arduous when applied to cryptocurrency returns, given the…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-12-29 Raffaele Giuseppe Cestari , Filippo Barchi , Riccardo Busetto , Daniele Marazzina , Simone Formentin

The underlying market trends that drive stock price fluctuations are often referred to in terms of bull and bear markets. Optimal stock portfolio selection methods need to take into account these market trends; however, the bull and bear…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-05 Reetam Majumder , Qing Ji , Nagaraj K. Neerchal

The growing attention on cryptocurrencies has led to increasing research on digital stock markets. Approaches and tools usually applied to characterize standard stocks have been applied to the digital ones. Among these tools is the…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-08-16 Tanya Araújo , Paulo Barbosa

This study evaluates the performance of 41 machine learning models, including 21 classifiers and 20 regressors, in predicting Bitcoin prices for algorithmic trading. By examining these models under various market conditions, we highlight…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-07-29 Abdul Jabbar , Syed Qaisar Jalil

The cryptocurrency market presents both significant investment opportunities and higher risks relative to traditional financial assets. This study examines the tail behavior of daily returns for two leading cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin and…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-07-04 A. H. Nzokem

We consider probabilistic systems with hidden state and unobservable transitions, an extension of Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) that in particular admits unobservable {\epsilon}-transitions (also called null transitions), allowing state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Rebecca Bernemann , Barbara König , Matthias Schaffeld , Torben Weis

Forecasting cryptocurrencies as a financial issue is crucial as it provides investors with possible financial benefits. A small improvement in forecasting performance can lead to increased profitability; therefore, obtaining a realistic…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-05-01 Hulusi Mehmet Tanrikulu , Hakan Pabuccu

This research explores a relatively unexplored area of predicting cryptocurrency staking rewards, offering potential insights to researchers and investors. We investigate two predictive methodologies: a) a straightforward sliding-window…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-01-23 Sauren Gupta , Apoorva Hathi Katharaki , Yifan Xu , Bhaskar Krishnamachari , Rajarshi Gupta

In this paper we forecast daily returns of crypto-currencies using a wide variety of different econometric models. To capture salient features commonly observed in financial time series like rapid changes in the conditional variance,…

Econometrics · Economics 2018-02-14 Christian Hotz-Behofsits , Florian Huber , Thomas O. Zörner

This study examines whether the efficiency of cryptocurrency markets (Bitcoin and Ethereum) evolve over time based on Lo's (2004) adaptive market hypothesis (AMH). In particular, we measure the degree of market efficiency using a…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-07-08 Akihiko Noda

Blockchain offers a decentralized, immutable, transparent system of records. It offers a peer-to-peer network of nodes with no centralised governing entity making it unhackable and therefore, more secure than the traditional paper-based or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Harsh Jot Singh , Abdelhakim Senhaji Hafid

Time series forecasting is a key tool in financial markets, helping to predict asset prices and guide investment decisions. In highly volatile markets, such as cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH), forecasting becomes more…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2026-02-17 Mabsur Fatin Bin Hossain , Lubna Zahan Lamia , Md Mahmudur Rahman , Md Mosaddek Khan

There are no solid arguments to sustain that digital currencies are the future of online payments or the disruptive technology that some of its former participants declared when used to face critiques. This paper aims to solve the…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2018-12-03 Obryan Poyser

We consider finite state space stationary hidden Markov models (HMMs) in the situation where the number of hidden states is unknown. We provide a frequentist asymptotic evaluation of Bayesian analysis methods. Our main result gives…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-27 Elisabeth Gassiat , Judith Rousseau

Time series subject to change in regime have attracted much interest in domains such as econometry, finance or meteorology. For discrete-valued regimes, some models such as the popular Hidden Markov Chain (HMC) describe time series whose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Fatoumata Dama , Christine Sinoquet