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Spoken language understanding (SLU) is an essential task for machines to understand human speech for better interactions. However, errors from the automatic speech recognizer (ASR) usually hurt the understanding performance. In reality, ASR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Ya-Hsin Chang , Yun-Nung Chen

A prominent technique for self-supervised representation learning has been to contrast semantically similar and dissimilar pairs of samples. Without access to labels, dissimilar (negative) points are typically taken to be randomly sampled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Ching-Yao Chuang , Joshua Robinson , Lin Yen-Chen , Antonio Torralba , Stefanie Jegelka

In this paper, we propose a simple but powerful unsupervised learning method for speaker recognition, namely Contrastive Equilibrium Learning (CEL), which increases the uncertainty on nuisance factors latent in the embeddings by employing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-23 Sung Hwan Mun , Woo Hyun Kang , Min Hyun Han , Nam Soo Kim

The success of most advanced facial expression recognition works relies heavily on large-scale annotated datasets. However, it poses great challenges in acquiring clean and consistent annotations for facial expression datasets. On the other…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yuxuan Shu , Xiao Gu , Guang-Zhong Yang , Benny Lo

Pre-trained self-supervised models such as BERT have achieved striking success in learning sequence representations, especially for natural language processing. These models typically corrupt the given sequences with certain types of noise,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Fuli Luo , Pengcheng Yang , Shicheng Li , Xuancheng Ren , Xu Sun

Existing contrastive learning methods for anomalous sound detection refine the audio representation of each audio sample by using the contrast between the samples' augmentations (e.g., with time or frequency masking). However, they might be…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Jian Guan , Feiyang Xiao , Youde Liu , Qiaoxi Zhu , Wenwu Wang

State-of-the-art natural language understanding classification models follow two-stages: pre-training a large language model on an auxiliary task, and then fine-tuning the model on a task-specific labeled dataset using cross-entropy loss.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Beliz Gunel , Jingfei Du , Alexis Conneau , Ves Stoyanov

Self-supervised learning attempts to learn representations from un-labeled data; it does so via a loss function that encourages the embedding of a point to be close to that of its augmentations. This simple idea performs remarkably well,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Parikshit Bansal , Ali Kavis , Sujay Sanghavi

Few-shot learning has emerged as a powerful paradigm for training models with limited labeled data, addressing challenges in scenarios where large-scale annotation is impractical. While extensive research has been conducted in the image…

Self-supervision is one of the hallmarks of representation learning in the increasingly popular suite of foundation models including large language models such as BERT and GPT-3, but it has not been pursued in the context of multivariate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Xiao Shou , Dharmashankar Subramanian , Debarun Bhattacharjya , Tian Gao , Kristin P. Bennet

Contrastive learning has emerged as a powerful paradigm for self-supervised representation learning. This work analyzes the theoretical limits of contrastive learning under nasty noise, where an adversary modifies or replaces training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Ziruo Zhao

Deep neural network based speech enhancement approaches aim to learn a noisy-to-clean transformation using a supervised learning paradigm. However, such a trained-well transformation is vulnerable to unseen noises that are not included in…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Chen Chen , Yuchen Hu , Heqing Zou , Linhui Sun , Eng Siong Chng

To improve performance in visual feature representation from photos or videos for practical applications, we generally require large-scale human-annotated labeled data while training deep neural networks. However, the cost of gathering and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Zhenyuan Lu

Contrastive self-supervised learning (CSL) for speaker verification (SV) has drawn increasing interest recently due to its ability to exploit unlabeled data. Performing data augmentation on raw waveforms, such as adding noise or…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-12 Chong-Xin Gan , Man-Wai Mak , Weiwei Lin , Jen-Tzung Chien

This paper aims to build a multi-speaker expressive TTS system, synthesizing a target speaker's speech with multiple styles and emotions. To this end, we propose a novel contrastive learning-based TTS approach to transfer style and emotion…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-26 Xinfa Zhu , Yuke Li , Yi Lei , Ning Jiang , Guoqing Zhao , Lei Xie

Self-supervised representation learning has made significant leaps fueled by progress in contrastive learning, which seeks to learn transformations that embed positive input pairs nearby, while pushing negative pairs far apart. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Tri Huynh , Simon Kornblith , Matthew R. Walter , Michael Maire , Maryam Khademi

Contrastive pre-training on distant supervision has shown remarkable effectiveness in improving supervised relation extraction tasks. However, the existing methods ignore the intrinsic noise of distant supervision during the pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Zhen Wan , Fei Cheng , Qianying Liu , Zhuoyuan Mao , Haiyue Song , Sadao Kurohashi

Although supervised deep learning has revolutionized speech and audio processing, it has necessitated the building of specialist models for individual tasks and application scenarios. It is likewise difficult to apply this to dialects and…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) based speech pre-training has attracted much attention for its capability of extracting rich representations learned from massive unlabeled data. On the other hand, the use of weakly-supervised data is less…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-30 Wangyou Zhang , Yanmin Qian

Personalized speech enhancement (PSE) has shown convincing results when it comes to extracting a known target voice among interfering ones. The corresponding systems usually incorporate a representation of the target voice within the…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Thomas Serre , Mathieu Fontaine , Éric Benhaim , Slim Essid