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We present a device-independent protocol to test if a given black-box measurement device is entangled, that is, has entangled eigenstates. Our scheme involves three parties and is inspired by entanglement swapping; the test uses the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-03 Rafael Rabelo , Melvyn Ho , Daniel Cavalcanti , Nicolas Brunner , Valerio Scarani

Self-testing allows classical referees to verify the quantum behaviour of some untrusted devices. Recently we developed a framework for building large self-tests by repeating a smaller self-test many times in parallel. However, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-13 Matthew McKague

The verification of quantum devices is an important aspect of quantum information, especially with the emergence of more advanced experimental implementations of computation and secure communication. Within this, the theory of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-08 Ivan Šupić , Matty J. Hoban

Self testing is a device-independent technique based on non-local correlations whose aim is to certify the effective uniqueness of the quantum state and measurements needed to produce these correlations. It is known that the maximal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-12 Ivan Šupić , Remigiusz Augusiak , Alexia Salavrakos , Antonio Acín

Certifying the entanglement of quantum states with Bell inequalities allows one to guarantee the security of quantum information protocols independently of imperfections in the measuring devices. Here we present a similar procedure for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-19 Adam Bennet , Tamás Vértesi , Dylan J. Saunders , Nicolas Brunner , G. J. Pryde

Device-independent self-testing allows to uniquely characterize the quantum state shared by untrusted parties (up to local isometries) by simply inspecting their correlations, and requiring only minimal assumptions, namely a no-signaling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-10 Andrea Coladangelo , Koon Tong Goh , Valerio Scarani

We present a method to certify the entanglement of all bipartite entangled quantum states in a device-independent way. This is achieved by placing the state in a quantum network and constructing a correlation inequality based on an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-04 Joseph Bowles , Ivan Šupić , Daniel Cavalcanti , Antonio Acín

Bell inequalities are an important tool in device-independent quantum information processing because their violation can serve as a certificate of relevant quantum properties. Probably the best known example of a Bell inequality is due to…

Self-testing was originally introduced as a device-independent method of certification of entangled quantum states and local measurements performed on them. Recently, in [F. Baccari \textit{et al.}, arXiv:2003.02285] the notion of state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-02 Owidiusz Makuta , Remigiusz Augusiak

Device independent certification schemes have gained a lot of interest lately, not only for their applications in quantum information tasks but also their implications towards foundations of quantum theory. The strongest form of device…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-22 Shubhayan Sarkar , Remigiusz Augusiak

Self-testing--the attractive possibility to infer the underlying physics of a quantum device in a black-box scenario--has gained increased traction in recent years, with applications to device-independent quantum information processing.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Moisés Bermejo Morán , Ravishankar Ramanathan

Self-testing is a method to certify quantum states and measurements in a device-independent way. The device-independent certification of quantum properties is purely based on input-output measurement statistics of the involved devices with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-26 Ranendu Adhikary , Abhishek Mishra , Ramij Rahaman

Self-testing protocols are methods to determine the presence of shared entangled states in a device independent scenario, where no assumptions on the measurements involved in the protocol are made. A particular type of self-testing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-24 Ivan Šupić , Daniel Cavalcanti , Joseph Bowles

Self-testing refers to the possibility of characterizing an unknown quantum device based only on the observed statistics. Here we develop methods for self-testing entangled quantum measurements, a key element for quantum networks. Our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-24 Marc-Olivier Renou , Jędrzej Kaniewski , Nicolas Brunner

Self-testing is a device-independent examination of quantum devices based on correlations of observed statistics. Motivated by elegant progresses on self-testing strategies for measurements [Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 250507 (2018)] and for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-28 Qing Zhou , Xin-Yu Xu , Shuai Zhao , Yi-Zheng Zhen , Li Li , Nai-Le Liu , Kai Chen

We assess the quality of a source of allegedly pure two-qubit states using both standard tomography and methods inspired by device-independent self-testing. Even when the detection and locality loopholes are open, the latter methods can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-08 Koon Tong Goh , Chithrabhanu Perumangatt , Zhi Xian Lee , Alexander Ling , Valerio Scarani

Previous theoretical works showed that all pure two-qubit entangled states can generate one bit of local randomness and can be self-tested through the violation of proper Bell inequalities. We report an experiment in which nearly pure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-14 S. Gómez , A. Mattar , I. Machuca , E. S. Gómez , D. Cavalcanti , O. Jiménez Farías , A. Acín , G. Lima

Techniques developed for device-independent characterizations allow one to certify certain physical properties of quantum systems without assuming any knowledge of their internal workings. Such a certification, however, often relies on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-03 Pei-Sheng Lin , Jui-Chen Hung , Ching-Hsu Chen , Yeong-Cherng Liang

Hyperentanglement, which refers to entanglement encoded in two or more independent degrees of freedom (DOFs), is a valuable resource for the future high-capacity quantum network. Certifying hyperentanglement sources work as intended is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 Yu-Hao Wang , Xing-Fu Wang , Ming-Ming Du , Shi-Pu Gu , Wei Zhong , Lan Zhou , Yu-Bo Sheng

In a recent paper [Quantum 5, 552 (2021)], the authors proposed a framework for robustly self-testing steerable quantum assemblages. In this work, we apply their method to the scenario of self-testing two-qubit entangled quantum states. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Chan-Ching Lien , Shin-Liang Chen