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We describe a quantum cryptography protocol with up to twenty four-dimensional ($\mathcal{D} =4$) states generated by a polarization-, phase- and time-encoding transmitter. This protocol can be experimentally realized with existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-05 W. T. Buttler , S. K. Lamoreaux , J. R. Torgerson

Encryption and Decryption is the process of sending a message in a ciphered way that appears meaningless and could be deciphered using a key for security purposes to avoid data breaches. This paper expands on the previous work on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Mithil Bavishi , Anuj Bohra , Kushal Vadodaria , Abhinav Bohra , Neha Katre , Ramchandra Mangrulkar , Vinaya Sawant

Speculative decoding (SD), where a draft model provides multiple candidate tokens for the target model to verify in parallel, has demonstrated significant potential for accelerating LLM inference. Yet, existing SD approaches adhere to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Enyu Zhou , Kai Sheng , Hao Chen , Xin He

In this paper, a new image encryption scheme using a secret key of 144-bits is proposed. In the substitution process of the scheme, image is divided into blocks and subsequently into color components. Each color component is modified by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-04-10 Narendra K Pareek

Encryption study basically deals with three levels of algorithms. The first algorithm deals with encryption mechanism, second deals with decryption Mechanism and the third discusses about the generation of keys and sub keys used in the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2010-07-05 Addepalli V. N Krishna , A Vinay Babu

Nonogram is a pencil puzzle consisting of a rectangular white grid where the player has to paint some cells black according to given constraints. In 2010, Chien and Hon constructed a physical card-based zero-knowledge proof protocol for…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Suthee Ruangwises

Traditional network security protocols depend mainly on developing cryptographic schemes and on using biometric methods. These have led to several network security protocols that are unbreakable based on difficulty of solving untractable…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2010-12-24 Salah A. Aly , Nirwan Ansari , H. Vincent Poor

In this paper we proposed an authentication technique based on the user cards, to improve the authentication process in systems that allows remote access for the users, and raise the security rate during an exchange of their messages. in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Ibrahim Obeidat , Ahmed AL Arjan , Rula AL Amrat , Rathaa AL Ajmi

EvenQuads is a new card game that is a generalization of the SET game, where each card is characterized by three attributes, each taking four possible values. Four cards form a quad when, for each attribute, the values are the same, all…

Multi-signcryption is used when different senders wants to authenticate a single message without revealing it. This paper proposes a multi signcryption scheme in which no pairing is computed on the signcryption stage and the signatures can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-09-09 Munendra Agrawal , Prashant Kushwah , Sunder Lal

In this paper we present a new method of coding/decoding algorithms using Fibonacci $Q$-matrices. This method is based on the blocked message matrices. The main advantage of our model is the encryption of each message matrix with different…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-12-07 Nihal Taş , Sümeyra Uçar , Nihal Yilmaz Özgür , Öznur Öztunç Kaymak

With the recent proliferation of distributed systems and networking, remote authentication has become a crucial task in many networking applications. Various schemes have been proposed so far for the two-party remote authentication;…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-05-13 Al-Sakib Khan Pathan , Choong Seon Hong

We describe a successive-cancellation \emph{list} decoder for polar codes, which is a generalization of the classic successive-cancellation decoder of Ar{\i}kan. In the proposed list decoder, up to $L$ decoding paths are considered…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-06-04 Ido Tal , Alexander Vardy

We show in this work that reinforcement learning can be successfully applied to decoding short to moderate length sparse graph-based channel codes. Specifically, we focus on low-density parity check (LDPC) codes, which for example have been…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Salman Habib , Allison Beemer , Joerg Kliewer

Simpler encoding and decoding networks are necessary for more reliable quantum error correcting codes (QECCs). The simplification of the encoder-decoder circuit for a perfect five-qubit QECC can be derived analytically if the QECC is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jin-Yuan Hsieh , Che-Ming Li , Der-San Chuu

This letter focuses on exploring a new decoding order to resolve the secrecy issue among untrusted nonorthogonal multiple access users. In this context, firstly, we identify the total number of possible decoding orders analytically. Then,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Sapna Thapar , Deepak Mishra , Ravikant Saini

Arikan has shown that systematic polar codes (SPC) outperform nonsystematic polar codes (NSPC). However, the performance gain comes at the price of elevated encoding complexity, i.e., compared to NSPC, the available encoding methods for SPC…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-28 Guo Tai Chen , Zhaoyang Zhang , Caijun Zhong , Liang Zhang

We introduce a scheme for secure multi-party computation utilising the quantum correlations of entangled states. First we present a scheme for two-party computation, exploiting the correlations of a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-07-27 Klearchos Loukopoulos , Daniel E. Browne

We ask whether two or more images of arithmetic may inhabit the same space via different encodings. The answers have significance for a class of processor design that does all its computation in an encrypted form, without ever performing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-06-04 Peter T. Breuer , Jonathan P. Bowen

Polar codes have attracted the attention of academia and industry alike in the past decade, such that the 5$^\text{th}$ generation wireless systems (5G) standardization process of the 3$^\text{th}$ generation partnership project (3GPP)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Valerio Bioglio , Carlo Condo , Ingmar Land