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Reflection High-Energy Electron Diffraction (RHEED) is a powerful tool to probe the surface reconstruction during MBE growth. However, raw RHEED patterns are difficult to interpret, especially when the wafer is rotating. A more accessible…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Abdourahman Khaireh-Walieh , Alexandre Arnoult , Sébastien Plissard , Peter R. Wiecha

Advancements in fast electron detectors have enabled the statistically significant sampling of crystal structures on the nanometre scale by means of Scanning Electron Nanobeam Diffraction (SEND). Characterisation of structural similarity…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-07-28 Andy Bridger , William I. F. David , Thomas J. Wood , Mohsen Danaie , Keith T. Butler

In this article we report the release of a new program for batch processing and visualization of powder diffraction data. The program, which is free-of-charge for non-commercial use and can be obtained with its detailed documentation from…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-12-05 Taha Sochi

High-fidelity electron microscopy simulations required for quantitative crystal structure refinements face a fundamental challenge: while physical interactions are well-described theoretically, real-world experimental effects are…

Serial diffraction of proteins requires an injection method to deliver protein molecules - preferably uncharged, fully hydrated, spatially oriented, and with high flux - into the crossed beams of an alignment laser and a focused probe beam…

Transmission electron diffraction is a powerful and versatile structural probe for the characterization of a broad range of materials, from nanocrystalline thin films to single crystals. With recent developments in fast electron detectors…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-06 Jian-Min Zuo , Renliang Yuan , Yu-Tsun Shao , Haw-Wen Hsiao , Saran Pidaparthy , Yang Hu , Qun Yang , Jiong Zhang

Spectroscopic data, particularly diffraction data, contain detailed crystal and microstructure information and thus are crucial for materials discovery. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns are greatly effective in identifying crystals.…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-02-18 Bin Cao , Yang Liu , Zinan Zheng , Ruifeng Tan , Jia Li , Tong-yi Zhang

The traditional techniques for extracting polycrystalline grain structures from microscopy images, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), are labour-intensive, subjective, and time-consuming,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ahmed Sobhi Saleh , Kristof Croes , Hajdin Ceric , Ingrid De Wolf , Houman Zahedmanesh

We present spherical analysis of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) patterns with two new algorithms: (1) band localisation and band profile analysis using the spherical Radon transform; (2) orientation determination using spherical…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-09-04 Ralf Hielscher , Felix Bartel , Thomas Benjamin Britton

Solving crystal structures from kinematical X-ray or electron diffraction patterns of single crystals requires many more diffracted beams to be recorded than there are atoms in the structure, since the phases of the structure factors can…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-02-13 Christoph T. Koch

3D ED is an effective technique to determine the structures of submicron- or nano-sized crystals. In this paper, we implemented energy-filtered 3D ED using a Gatan Energy Filter (GIF) in both selected area electron diffraction mode and…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Taimin Yang , Hongyi Xu , Xiaodong Zou

The analysis of ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) data from low-symmetry single crystals of small molecules is often challenged by the difficulty of assigning unique Laue indices to the observed Bragg reflections. For a variety of…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-30 Alexander Marx , Sascha W. Epp

We propose a novel data-driven approach for analyzing synchrotron Laue X-ray microdiffraction scans based on machine learning algorithms. The basic architecture and major components of the method are formulated mathematically. We…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-10-12 Yintao Song , Nobumichi Tamura , Chenbo Zhang , Mostafa Karami , Xian Chen

A DigitalMicrograph script InsteaDMatic has been developed to facilitate rapid automated continuous rotation electron diffraction (cRED) data acquisition. The script coordinates microscope functions, such as stage rotation, camera functions…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-04-29 Maria Roslova , Stef Smeets , Bin Wang , Thomas Thersleff , Hongyi Xu , Xiaodong Zou

The core theme of X-ray crystallography is reconstructing the electron density distribution of crystals under the constraints of observed diffraction data. Nevertheless, the reconstruction of electron density distribution by straightforward…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-07-14 Hui Li , Meng He , Ze Zhang

Time-resolved x-ray diffraction (TR-XRD) and ultrafast electron diffraction (TR-UED) are emerging tools for probing ultrafast quantum dynamics. From a theoretical perspective, they are commonly described within different frameworks and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Mingrui Yuan , Nikolay V. Golubev

Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) is extremely insensitive to sample morphology when implemented in a back-reflection geometry. The capabilities of this non-invasive technique for cultural heritage applications have been explored…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-11-19 Craig I. Hiley , Graeme M. Hansford , Nicholas Eastaugh

We present here a real-time analysis of diffraction images acquired at high frame-rate (925 Hz) and its application to macromolecular serial crystallography. The software uses a new signal separation algorithm, able to distinguish the…

The three scanning electron microscope diffraction based techniques of electron channelling patterns (ECPs), electron channelling contrast imaging (ECCI), and electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) are reviewed. The dynamical diffraction…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-04-12 AJ Wilkinson , PB Hirsch

One of the primary uses for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is to measure diffraction pattern images in order to determine a crystal structure and orientation. In nanobeam electron diffraction (NBED) we scan a moderately converged…