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We transmitted O-band heralded photons over 10 km of optical fiber in a proof-of-concept experiment demonstrating the feasibility of using heralded photons to improve the noise tolerance of quantum key distribution. In our experiment, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-17 Mao Tong Liu , Han Chuen Lim

Channel loss seems to be the most severe limitation on the practical application of long distance quantum key distribution. The idea of twin-field quantum key distribution can improve the key rate from the linear scale of channel loss in…

A quantum sensor (QS) is able to measure various physical phenomena with extreme sensitivity. QSs have been used in several applications such as atomic interferometers, but few applications of a quantum sensor network (QSN) have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-29 Caitao Zhan , Himanshu Gupta

We present two efficient quantum key distribution schemes over two different collective-noise channels. The accepted hypothesis of collective noise is that photons travel inside a time window small compared to the variation of noise.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Xi-Han Li , Fu-Guo Deng , Hong-Yu Zhou

Measurements approaching the ultimate quantum limits of sensitivity are central in quantum information processing, quantum metrology, and communication. Quantum measurements to discriminate multiple states at the single-photon level are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-02 A. R. Ferdinand , M. T. DiMario , F. E. Becerra

Sensing networks underpin applications from fundamental physics to real-world engineering. Recently, distributed quantum sensing (DQS) has been investigated to boost the sensing performance, yet current schemes typically rely on entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-22 Binke Xia , Zhaotong Cui , Jingzheng Huang , Yuxiang Yang , Guihua Zeng

The maximum distance of quantum communication is limited due to the photon loss and detector noise. Exploiting entanglement swapping, quantum relay could offer ways to extend the achievable distance by increasing the signal to noise ratio.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 An-Ning Zhang , Yu-Ao Chen , Chao-Yang Lu , Xiao-Qi Zhou , Zhi Zhao , Qiang Zhang , Tao Yang , Jian-Wei Pan

A quantum sensing network is used to simultaneously detect and measure physical quantities, such as magnetic fields, at different locations. However, there is a risk that the measurement data is leaked to the third party during the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-17 Hiroto Kasai , Yuki Takeuchi , Yuichiro Matsuzaki , Yasuhiro Tokura

A distributed sensing protocol uses a network of local sensing nodes to estimate a global feature of the network, such as a weighted average of locally detectable parameters. In the noiseless case, continuous-variable multipartite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-28 Quntao Zhuang , John Preskill , Liang Jiang

We consider the selective sensing of planar waves in the presence of noise. We present different methods to control the sensitivity of a quantum sensor network, which allow one to decouple it from arbitrarily selected waves while retaining…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Arne Hamann , Paul Aigner , Pavel Sekatski , Wolfgang Dür

We study quantum measurement with preselection and postselection, and derive the precise expressions of the measurement results without any restriction on the coupling strength between the system and the measuring device. For a qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-18 Xuanmin Zhu , Yuxiang Zhang , Shengshi Pang , Chang Qiao , Quanhui Liu , Shengjun Wu

Quantum metrology and cryptography can be combined in a distributed and/or remote sensing setting, where distant end-users with limited quantum capabilities can employ quantum states, transmitted by a quantum-powerful provider via a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 G. Bizzarri , M. Barbieri , M. Manrique , M. Parisi , F. Bruni , I. Gianani , M. Rosati

Twin-field quantum key distribution can overcome the secret key capacity of repeaterless quantum key distribution via single-photon interference. However, to compensate for the channel fluctuations and lock the laser fluctuations, the…

Quantum metrology enables parameter estimation beyond classical limits by exploiting nonclassical resources such as squeezing and entanglement. In distributed quantum sensing, Heisenberg scaling has been extended from $1/N^2$ to $1/(NM)^2$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Hanbom Yoo , Hyukgun Kwon , Seongjin Hong

One of the most striking features of quantum theory is that it allows distant observers to share correlations that resist local hidden variable (classical) explanations, a phenomenon referred to as Bell nonlocality. Besides their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-13 Anubhav Chaturvedi , Giuseppe Viola , Marcin Pawłowski

In the distribution of quantum states over a long distance, not only are quantum states corrupted by interactions with an environment but also a measurement setting should be re-aligned such that detection events can be ensured for the…

A primary requirement for a robust and unconditionally secure quantum network is the establishment of quantum nonlocal correlations over a realistic channel. While loophole-free tests of Bell nonlocality allow for entanglement certification…

Quantum key distribution provides secure keys resistant to code-breaking quantum computers. The continuous-variable version of quantum key distribution offers the advantages of higher secret key rates in metropolitan areas, as well as the…

Squeezed light enables measurements with sensitivity beyond the quantum noise limit (QNL) for optical techniques such as spectroscopy, gravitational wave detection, magnetometry and imaging. Precision of a measurement -- as quantified by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-27 G. S. Atkinson , E. J. Allen , G. Ferranti , A. R. McMillan , J. C. F. Matthews

We describe the experimental test of a quantum key distribution performed with a two-way protocol without using entanglement. An individual incoherent eavesdropping is simulated and induces a variable amount of noise on the communication…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-14 A. Cere' , M. Lucamarini , G. Di Giuseppe , P. Tombesi