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At present, different deep learning models are presenting high accuracy on popular inference datasets such as SNLI, MNLI, and SciTail. However, there are different indicators that those datasets can be exploited by using some simple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Felipe Salvatore , Marcelo Finger , Roberto Hirata

Models trained to estimate word probabilities in context have become ubiquitous in natural language processing. How do these models use lexical cues in context to inform their word probabilities? To answer this question, we present a case…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Kanishka Misra , Allyson Ettinger , Julia Taylor Rayz

Language Models such as BERT have grown in popularity due to their ability to be pre-trained and perform robustly on a wide range of Natural Language Processing tasks. Often seen as an evolution over traditional word embedding techniques,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Nimesh Bhana , Terence L. van Zyl

Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) predicts sentiment polarity towards a specific aspect in the given sentence. While pre-trained language models such as BERT have achieved great success, incorporating dynamic semantic changes into ABSA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Kai Zhang , Kun Zhang , Mengdi Zhang , Hongke Zhao , Qi Liu , Wei Wu , Enhong Chen

Pretrained neural models such as BERT, when fine-tuned to perform natural language inference (NLI), often show high accuracy on standard datasets, but display a surprising lack of sensitivity to word order on controlled challenge sets. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Junghyun Min , R. Thomas McCoy , Dipanjan Das , Emily Pitler , Tal Linzen

Detecting the user's intent and finding the corresponding slots among the utterance's words are important tasks in natural language understanding. Their interconnected nature makes their joint modeling a standard part of training such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Momchil Hardalov , Ivan Koychev , Preslav Nakov

Fine-tuning pre-trained models have achieved impressive performance on standard natural language processing benchmarks. However, the resultant model generalizability remains poorly understood. We do not know, for example, how excellent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Luoqiu Li , Xiang Chen , Hongbin Ye , Zhen Bi , Shumin Deng , Ningyu Zhang , Huajun Chen

The BERT model has arisen as a popular state-of-the-art machine learning model in the recent years that is able to cope with multiple NLP tasks such as supervised text classification without human supervision. Its flexibility to cope with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Santiago González-Carvajal , Eduardo C. Garrido-Merchán

Pre-trained models have brought significant improvements to many NLP tasks and have been extensively analyzed. But little is known about the effect of fine-tuning on specific tasks. Intuitively, people may agree that a pre-trained model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Jie Cai , Zhengzhou Zhu , Ping Nie , Qian Liu

The latest work on language representations carefully integrates contextualized features into language model training, which enables a series of success especially in various machine reading comprehension and natural language inference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Zhuosheng Zhang , Yuwei Wu , Hai Zhao , Zuchao Li , Shuailiang Zhang , Xi Zhou , Xiang Zhou

Do state-of-the-art models for language understanding already have, or can they easily learn, abilities such as boolean coordination, quantification, conditionals, comparatives, and monotonicity reasoning (i.e., reasoning about word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Kyle Richardson , Hai Hu , Lawrence S. Moss , Ashish Sabharwal

BERT has revolutionized the NLP field by enabling transfer learning with large language models that can capture complex textual patterns, reaching the state-of-the-art for an expressive number of NLP applications. For text classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Frederico Souza , João Filho

This paper presents the first unsupervised approach to lexical semantic change that makes use of contextualised word representations. We propose a novel method that exploits the BERT neural language model to obtain representations of word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Mario Giulianelli , Marco Del Tredici , Raquel Fernández

Transformer-based language models have taken many fields in NLP by storm. BERT and its derivatives dominate most of the existing evaluation benchmarks, including those for Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD), thanks to their ability in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Daniel Loureiro , Kiamehr Rezaee , Mohammad Taher Pilehvar , Jose Camacho-Collados

Pre-trained language models such as BERT have become a more common choice of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Research in word representation shows that isotropic embeddings can significantly improve performance on downstream tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Yuxin Liang , Rui Cao , Jie Zheng , Jie Ren , Ling Gao

Pre-trained Transformer-based neural language models, such as BERT, have achieved remarkable results on varieties of NLP tasks. Recent works have shown that attention-based models can benefit from more focused attention over local regions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Zhongli Li , Qingyu Zhou , Chao Li , Ke Xu , Yunbo Cao

Both humans and neural language models are able to perform subject-verb number agreement (SVA). In principle, semantics shouldn't interfere with this task, which only requires syntactic knowledge. In this work we test whether meaning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Karim Lasri , Olga Seminck , Alessandro Lenci , Thierry Poibeau

Machine based text comprehension has always been a significant research field in natural language processing. Once a full understanding of the text context and semantics is achieved, a deep learning model can be trained to solve a large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-03 Omar Mossad , Amgad Ahmed , Anandharaju Raju , Hari Karthikeyan , Zayed Ahmed

Pre-trained contextual representations like BERT have achieved great success in natural language processing. However, the sentence embeddings from the pre-trained language models without fine-tuning have been found to poorly capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Bohan Li , Hao Zhou , Junxian He , Mingxuan Wang , Yiming Yang , Lei Li

BERT is a popular language model whose main pre-training task is to fill in the blank, i.e., predicting a word that was masked out of a sentence, based on the remaining words. In some applications, however, having an additional context can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Timo I. Denk , Ana Peleteiro Ramallo