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We present design and realization of an ultra-broadband optical spectrometer capable of measuring the spectral intensity of multi-octave-spanning light sources on a single-pulse basis with a dynamic range of up to 8 orders of magnitude. The…

Conventional spectrometer and polarimeter systems rely on bulky optics, fundamentally limiting compact integration and hindering multi-dimensional optical sensing capabilities. Here, we propose a spectropolarimeter enabled by…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-13 Jumin Qiu , Tingting Liu , Chenxuan Xiang , Tianbao Yu , Qiegen Liu , Shuyuan Xiao

A general-purpose all-fiber spectrometer is demonstrated to overcome the trade-off between spectral resolution and bandwidth. By integrating a wavelength division multiplexer with five multimode optical fibers, we have achieved 100 nm…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-08-26 Seng Fatt Liew , Brandon Redding , Michael A. Choma , Hemant D. Tagare , Hui Cao

Context. Millimetre-wave astronomy is an important tool for both general astrophysics studies and cosmology. A large number of unidentified sources are being detected by the large field-of-view continuum instruments operating on large…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-29 Usasi Chowdhury , Florence Levy-Bertrand , Martino Calvo , Johannes Goupy , Alessandro Monfardini

Miniaturized spectrometers employing chip solutions are essential for a wide range of applications, such as wearable health monitoring, biochemical sensing, and portable optical coherence tomography. However, the development of integrated…

Optics · Physics 2025-05-22 Wenzhang Tian , Hao Chen , Mingyuan Zhang , Zengqi Chen , Yeyu Tong

Absorption spectroscopy is widely used in sensing and astronomy to understand molecular compositions on microscopic to cosmological scales. However, typical dispersive spectroscopic techniques require multichannel detection, fundamentally…

Performant on-chip spectrometers are important for advancing sensing technologies, from environmental monitoring to biomedical diagnostics. As device footprints approach the scale of the operating wavelength, previously strategies,…

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors promise efficient (~100%) and fast (~Gcps) detection of light at the single-photon level. They constitute one of the building blocks to realize integrated quantum optical circuits in a…

Recent advances in optical metasurfaces enable control of the wavefront, polarization and dispersion of optical waves beyond the capabilities of conventional diffractive optics. An optical design space that is poised to highly benefit from…

Monitoring plant health increasingly relies on leaf-mounted sensors that provide real-time physiological data, yet efficiently locating and sampling these sensors in complex agricultural environments remains a major challenge. We present an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-12 Dexter Burns , Sanjeev Koppal

Optical spectrometers are widely used scientific equipment with many applications involving material characterization, chemical analysis, disease diagnostics, surveillance, etc. Emerging applications in biomedical and communication fields…

Optoelectronic micro- and nanostructures have a vast parameter space to explore for modification and optimisation of their functional performance. This paper reports on a data-led approach using high-throughput single nanostructure…

Spectroscopy is a well-established nonintrusive tool that has played an important role in identifying substances and quantifying their compositions, from quantum descriptions to chemical and biomedical diagnostics. Challenges exist in…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-12-02 S. Yu , Z. Zhang , H. Xia , X. Dou , M. Li , T. Wei , L. Wang , P. Jiang , Y. Wu , C. Zhang , L. You , Y. Hu , T. Wu , L. Zhao , M. Shangguan , L. Tao , J. Qiu

Integrating conventional optics into compact nanostructured surfaces is the goal of flat optics. Despite the enormous progress of this technology, there are still critical challenges for real world applications due to a limited efficiency…

The ability to create dynamic, tailored optical potentials has become important across fields ranging from biology to quantum science. We demonstrate a method for the creation of arbitrary optical tweezer potentials using the broadband…

Optics · Physics 2020-07-16 A. T. M. Anishur Rahman , P. F. Barker

We develop single-photon detectors comprising single-mode fiber-coupled superconducting nanowires, with high system detection efficiencies at a wavelength of 940 nm. The detector comprises a 6.5-nm-thick, 110-nm-wide NbN nanowire meander…

Superconductivity · Physics 2015-06-29 W. J. Zhang , H. Li , L. X. You , Y. H. He , L. Zhang , X. Y. Liu , X. Y. Yang , J. J. Wu , Q. Guo , S. J. Chen , Z. Wang , X. M. Xie

We present a comprehensive theory and an easy to follow method for the design and construction of a wideband homodyne detector for time-domain quantum measurements. We show how one can evaluate the performance of a detector in a specific…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-03 Ranjeet Kumar , Erick Barrios , Andrew MacRae , E. Cairns , E. H. Huntington , A. I. Lvovsky

Ultrafast, high quantum efficiency single photon detectors are among the most sought-after elements in modern quantum optics and quantum communication. High photon detection efficiency is essential for scalable measurement-based quantum…

Optics · Physics 2015-05-30 W. Pernice , C. Schuck , O. Minaeva , M. Li , G. N. Goltsman , A. V. Sergienko , H. X. Tang

Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) emerged in the last decade as a disruptive technology that features performance characteristics, such as high sensitivity, dynamic range and temporal accuracy, which are ideally…

Encoding of spectral information onto monochrome imaging cameras is of interest for wavelength multiplexing and hyperspectral imaging applications. Here, the complex spatio-spectral response of a disordered material is used to demonstrate…

Optics · Physics 2017-05-09 Rebecca French , Sylvain Gigan , Otto L. Muskens