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Fog devices are beginning to play a key role in relaying data and services within the Internet-of-Things (IoT) ecosystem. These relays may be static or mobile, with the latter offering a new degree of freedom for performance improvement via…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Babatunji Omoniwa , Riaz Hussain , Muhammad Adil , Atif Shakeel , Ahmed Kamal Tahir , Qadeer Ul Hasan , Shahzad A. Malik

Fog computing promises to enable machine learning tasks to scale to large amounts of data by distributing processing across connected devices. Two key challenges to achieving this goal are heterogeneity in devices compute resources and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Su Wang , Yichen Ruan , Yuwei Tu , Satyavrat Wagle , Christopher G. Brinton , Carlee Joe-Wong

This paper investigates a three-layer IoT-fog-cloud computing system to determine the optimum workload and power allocation at each layer. The objective is to minimize maximum per-layer latency (including both data processing and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-03 Saman Atapattu , Chathuranga Weeraddana , Minhua Ding , Hazer Inaltekin , Jamie Evans

Current reconfiguration techniques are based on starting the system in a consistent configuration, in which all participating entities are in their initial state. Starting from that state, the system must preserve consistency as long as a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-12-07 Shlomi Dolev , Chryssis Georgiou , Ioannis Marcoullis , Elad M. Schiller

Fog computing extends cloud computing technology to the edge of the infrastructure to let IoT applications access objects' data with reduced latency, location awareness and dynamic computation. By displacing workloads from the central cloud…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-10-11 Francescomaria Faticanti , Francesco De Pellegrini , Domenico Siracusa , Daniele Santoro , Silvio Cretti

Fog/Edge computing model allows harnessing of resources in the proximity of the Internet of Things (IoT) devices to support various types of real-time IoT applications. However, due to the mobility of users and a wide range of IoT…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Mohammad Goudarzi , Marimuthu Palaniswami , Rajkumar Buyya

The evolution of smart cities demands scalable, secure, and energy-efficient architectures for real-time data processing. With the number of IoT devices expected to exceed 40 billion by 2030, traditional cloud-based systems are increasingly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Debasish Jana , Pinakpani Pal , Pawan Kumar

Large-scale decentralized systems of autonomous agents interacting via asynchronous communication often experience the following self-healing dilemma: fault detection inherits network uncertainties making a remote faulty process…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Jovan Nikolic , Nursultan Jubatyrov , Evangelos Pournaras

In multi-tiered fog computing systems, to accelerate the processing of computation-intensive tasks for real-time IoT applications, resource-limited IoT devices can offload part of their workloads to nearby fog nodes, whereafter such…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Xin Gao , Xi Huang , Simeng Bian , Ziyu Shao , Yang Yang

Cloud Computing (CC) serves to be a key driver for fulfilling the store and compute requirements of a modern Smart Grid (SG). However, since the datacenters are deployed in concentrated and far remote areas, it fails to guarantee the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Md. Muzakkir Hussain , Mohammad Saad Alam , M. M. Sufyan Beg

The advent of Cloud Computing enabled the proliferation of IoT applications for smart environments. However, the distance of these resources makes them unsuitable for delay-sensitive applications. Hence, Fog Computing has emerged to provide…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Maad Ebrahim , Abdelhakim Hafid

Fog computing is emerging as a promising paradigm to perform distributed, low-latency computation by jointly exploiting the radio and computing resources of end-user devices and cloud servers. However, the dynamic and distributed formation…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-02-25 Gilsoo Lee , Walid Saad , Mehdi Bennis

The advancements in the use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is increasing continuously and generating huge amounts of data in a fast manner. Cloud computing is an important paradigm which processes and manages user data effectively.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Sukhpal Singh Gill

The powerful paradigm of Fog computing is currently receiving major interest, as it provides the possibility to integrate virtualized servers into networks and brings cloud service closer to end devices. To support this distributed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Jung-yeon Baek , Georges Kaddoum , Sahil Garg , Kuljeet Kaur , Vivianne Gravel

We propose a novel integrated fog cloud IoT (IFCIoT) architectural paradigm that promises increased performance, energy efficiency, reduced latency, quicker response time, scalability, and better localized accuracy for future IoT…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-01-31 Arslan Munir , Prasanna Kansakar , Samee U. Khan

The amount of data being produced at every epoch of second is increasing every moment. Various sensors, cameras and smart gadgets produce continuous data throughout its installation. Processing and analyzing raw data at a cloud server faces…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Aditya Kumar , Satish Narayana Srirama

The Internet of Things needs for computing power and storage are expected to remain on the rise in the next decade. Consequently, the amount of data generated by devices at the edge of the network will also grow. While cloud computing has…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-11 Luiz F. Bittencourt , Roger Immich , Rizos Sakellariou , Nelson L. S. da Fonseca , Edmundo R. M. Madeira , Marilia Curado , Leandro Villas , Luiz da Silva , Craig Lee , Omer Rana

Fog computing offers increased performance and efficiency for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications through distributed data processing in nearby proximity to sensors. Given resource constraints and their contentious use in IoT…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Babar Shahzaad , Alistair Barros , Colin Fidge

Meeting the requirements of future services with time sensitivity and handling sudden load spikes of the services in Fog computing environments are challenging tasks due to the lack of publicly available Fog nodes and their characteristics.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Sudheer Kumar Battula , Saurabh Garg , James Montgomery , Ranesh Naha

Fog computing integrates cloud and edge resources. According to an intelligent and decentralized method, this technology processes data generated by IoT sensors to seamlessly integrate physical and cyber environments. Internet of Things…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Mohammad Reza Akbari , Hamid Barati , Ali Barati