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First-principles calculations combining density functional theory and many-body perturbation theory can provide microscopic insight into the dynamics of electrons and phonons in materials. We review this theoretical and computational…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-11-23 Marco Bernardi

The theoretical description of materials' properties driven out of equilibrium has important consequences in various fields such as semiconductor spintronics, nonlinear optics, continuous and discrete quantum information science and…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-09-18 Jacopo Simoni , Gabriele Riva , Yuan Ping

We review theoretical foundations and some recent progress related to the quest of controlling the motion of charge carriers with intense laser pulses and optical waveforms. The tools and techniques of attosecond science enable detailed…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-03-10 Vladislav S. Yakovlev , Stanislav Yu. Kruchinin , Tim Paasch-Colberg , Mark I. Stockman , Ferenc Krausz

Ab initio techniques have revolutionised the way in which theory can help practitioners to explore critical mechanisms that govern reactions or properties, and to develop new strategies for materials discovery and design. Yet, their…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-03 Mira Todorova , Stefan Wippermann , Jörg Neugebauer

The coupling of excited states and ionic dynamics is the basic and challenging point for the materials response at extreme conditions. In laboratory, the intense laser produces transient nature and complexity with highly nonequilibrium…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-11-27 Qiyu Zeng , Bo Chen , Shen Zhang , Dongdong Kang , Han Wang , Xiaoxiang Yu , Jiayu Dai

We develop a first-principles simulation method for attosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. This method enables us to directly simulate the whole experimental processes, including excitation, emission and detection on equal…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Shunsuke A. Sato , Hannes Hübener , Angel Rubio , Umberto De Giovannini

Visualizing the electron dynamics in four dimensions of space and time is crucial to the understanding of several ubiquitous processes in nature. Hence, ultrafast X-ray and electron imaging tools have been developed to probe the dynamics of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-26 Mingrui Yuan , Nikolay V. Golubev

First-principles molecular dynamics simulation based on a plane wave/pseudopotential implementation of density functional theory is adopted to investigate atomic scale energy transport for semiconductors (silicon and germanium). By imposing…

Computational Physics · Physics 2016-02-02 Pengfei Ji , Yuwen Zhang

Two emerging areas of research, attosecond and nanoscale physics, have recently started to merge. Attosecond physics deals with phenomena occurring when ultrashort laser pulses, with duration on the femto- and sub-femtosecond time scales,…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2019-12-03 Marcelo F. Ciappina , Maciej Lewenstein

Exciting electrons in solids with intense light pulses offers the possibility of generating new states of matter through nonthermal means and controlling their macroscopic properties on femto- to picosecond timescales. One way to manipulate…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-07 Alfred Zong , Anshul Kogar , Nuh Gedik

Electronic coherences can be leveraged to control molecular dynamics, but such control is limited by ultrafast decoherence driven by coupling between electronic excitations and molecular vibrations. With the goal of understanding and…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-05-27 Jiří Suchan , Benjamin G. Levine

The coupled quantum dynamics of electrons and protons is ubiquitous in many dynamical processes involving light-matter interaction, such as solar energy conversion in chemical systems and photosynthesis. A first-principles description of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-11-07 Jianhang Xu , Ruiyi Zhou , Tao E. Li , Volker Blum , Sharon Hammes-Schiffer , Yosuke Kanai

A system of reduced equations is proposed for the electron motion in the strongly-radiation dominated regime for an arbitrary electromagnetic field configuration. The developed approach is used to analyze various scenarios of an electron…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-01-06 A. S. Samsonov , E. N. Nerush , I. Yu. Kostyukov

Recently two emerging areas of research, attosecond and nanoscale physics, have started to come together. Attosecond physics deals with phenomena occurring when ultrashort laser pulses, with duration on the femto- and sub-femtosecond time…

A first-principles approach is introduced to calculate electron field emission characteristics of nanostructures, based on the nonequilibrium Green function technique combined with the density functional theory. The method employs…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-11-19 Hyon-Chol Choe , Nam-Hyok Kim , Hyok Kim , Song-Jin Im

Streaking of photoelectrons has long been used for the temporal characterization of attosecond extreme ultraviolet pulses. When the time-resolved photoelectrons originate from a coherent superposition of electronic states, they carry an…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2016-07-27 Markus Kowalewski , Kochise Bennett , Jérémy R. Rouxel , Shaul Mukamel

First-principles calculation of nonlinear magneto-optical effects has become an indispensable tool to reveal the geometric and topological nature of electronic states and to understand light-matter interactions. While intriguingly rich…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-02-23 Haowei Chen , Meng Ye , Nianlong Zou , Bing-lin Gu , Yong Xu , Wenhui Duan

We describe the software package SPEX, which allows first-principles calculations of quasiparticle and collective electronic excitations in solids using techniques from many-body perturbation theory. The implementation is based on the…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-10-10 Arno Schindlmayr , Christoph Friedrich , Ersoy Sasioglu , Stefan Blügel

The nature of light-induced structures in attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy of molecular systems is investigated theoretically. It is shown how nuclear dynamics affect these structures. We find that a theoretical three-surface…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-08-19 Jens E. Bækhøj , Lars Bojer Madsen

The development of attosecond technology has enabled the real-time observation of coherent electron motion in atoms, molecules and condensed phases. Experimentally, it is now possible to generate laser pulses of durations of only a few tens…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-05-18 David Ayuso
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