Related papers: Ensuring Robustness in Training Set Based Global 2…
Understanding dark energy requires precision measurements of the expansion history of the universe and the growth of large-scale structure. The 21 cm intensity mapping (21 cm IM) technique enables rapid large-area surveys that can deliver…
The C statistic is a widely used likelihood-ratio statistic for model fitting and goodness-of-fit assessments with Poisson data in high-energy physics and astrophysics. Although it enjoys convenient asymptotic properties, the statistic is…
Photometric redshift uncertainties are a major source of systematic error for ongoing and future photometric surveys. We study different sources of redshift error caused by choosing a suboptimal redshift histogram bin width and propose…
The testing of general relativity at cosmological scales has become a possible and timely endeavor that is not only motivated by the pressing question of cosmic acceleration but also by the proposals of some extensions to general relativity…
"Effective robustness" measures the extra out-of-distribution (OOD) robustness beyond what can be predicted from the in-distribution (ID) performance. Existing effective robustness evaluations typically use a single test set such as…
The pair separations statistical methods devised to detect the topology of the universe rely on the accurate knowledge of the three-dimensional positions of the cosmic sources. The determination of these positions, however, involves…
Adversarial attack perturbs an image with an imperceptible noise, leading to incorrect model prediction. Recently, a few works showed inherent bias associated with such attack (robustness bias), where certain subgroups in a dataset (e.g.…
It is shown that 21 cm intensity mapping could be used in the near term to make cosmologically useful measurements. Large scale structure could be detected using existing radio telescopes, or using prototypes for dedicated redshift survey…
We introduce two new tools to assess the validity of statistical distributions. These tools are based on components derived from a new statistical quantity, the $comparison$ $curve$. The first tool is a graphical representation of these…
Measurements of the post-reionization 21-cm bispectrum $B_{{\rm HI}}(\mathbf{k_1},\mathbf{k_2},\mathbf{k_3})$ using various upcoming intensity mapping experiments hold the potential for determining the cosmological parameters at a high…
Independent component (IC) models are a standard tool for representing multivariate data in statistics, signal processing, and machine learning. Despite the extensive use of IC models, much less attention has been given to goodness-of-fit…
$\mbox{H}$ $\mbox{I}$ 21-cm absorption, an extremely useful tool to study the cold atomic hydrogen gas, can arise either from the intervening galaxies along the line-of-sight towards the background radio source or from the radio source…
This paper proposes a novel two-step strategy for testing the goodness-of-fit of parametric regression models in ultra-high dimensional sparse settings, where the predictor dimension far exceeds the sample size. This regime usually renders…
Recent experiments in cosmology, particularly those aimed at detecting the faint, redshifted, global 21 cm hydrogen line (depth < ~200 mK, z > 7.5), have imposed stringent new requirements on radiometer calibration. In this work, we present…
The redshifted 21cm signal from the post-reionization epoch is highly non-Gaussian; thus, higher-order statistics, such as the bispectrum, are required to extract this non-Gaussian information. However, high-signal-to-noise ratio detection…
We present a fast algorithm for global rigid symmetry detection with approximation guarantees. The algorithm is guaranteed to find the best approximate symmetry of a given shape, to within a user-specified threshold, with very high…
In this paper we present the methodology for detecting outliers and testing the goodness-of-fit of random sets using topological data analysis. We construct the filtration from level sets of the signed distance function and consider various…
We review observational tests for the homogeneity of the Universe on large scales. Redshift and peculiar velocity surveys, radio sources, the X-Ray Background, the Lyman-alpha forest and the Cosmic Microwave Background are used to set…
[...] This paper presents a rigorous derivation of a goodness-of-fit statistics for colour-magnitude diagrams (CMD). We discuss the reliability of the underlying assumptions and their validity. We derived the distribution of the sum of…
The recently developed "Data Set Diagonalization" method (DSD) is applied to measure compatibility of the data sets that are used to determine parton distribution functions (PDFs). Discrepancies among the experiments are found to be…