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We aim to characterize how different speakers contribute to the perceived output quality of multi-speaker Text-to-Speech (TTS) synthesis. We automatically rate the quality of TTS using a neural network (NN) trained on human mean opinion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Jennifer Williams , Joanna Rownicka , Pilar Oplustil , Simon King

MOS (Mean Opinion Score) is a subjective method used for the evaluation of a system's quality. Telecommunications (for voice and video), and speech synthesis systems (for generated speech) are a few of the many applications of the method.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-26 Bálint Gyires-Tóth , Csaba Zainkó

Neural text-to-speech (TTS) can provide quality close to natural speech if an adequate amount of high-quality speech material is available for training. However, acquiring speech data for TTS training is costly and time-consuming,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-29 Tuomo Raitio , Javier Latorre , Andrea Davis , Tuuli Morrill , Ladan Golipour

Current state-of-the-art methods for automatic synthetic speech evaluation are based on MOS prediction neural models. Such MOS prediction models include MOSNet and LDNet that use spectral features as input, and SSL-MOS that relies on a…

Neural TTS has shown it can generate high quality synthesized speech. In this paper, we investigate the multi-speaker latent space to improve neural TTS for adapting the system to new speakers with only several minutes of speech or…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-04 Yan Deng , Lei He , Frank Soong

Developers of text-to-speech synthesizers (TTS) often make use of human raters to assess the quality of synthesized speech. We demonstrate that we can model human raters' mean opinion scores (MOS) of synthesized speech using a deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-29 Brian Patton , Yannis Agiomyrgiannakis , Michael Terry , Kevin Wilson , Rif A. Saurous , D. Sculley

Several studies have proposed deep-learning-based models to predict the mean opinion score (MOS) of synthesized speech, showing the possibility of replacing human raters. However, inter- and intra-rater variability in MOSs makes it hard to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-03 Yeunju Choi , Youngmoon Jung , Hoirin Kim

Training of multi-speaker text-to-speech (TTS) systems relies on curated datasets based on high-quality recordings or audiobooks. Such datasets often lack speaker diversity and are expensive to collect. As an alternative, recent studies…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-13 Sewade Ogun , Vincent Colotte , Emmanuel Vincent

Perceptual speech quality is an important performance metric for teleconferencing applications. The mean opinion score (MOS) is standardized for the perceptual evaluation of speech quality and is obtained by asking listeners to rate the…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Haleh Akrami , Hannes Gamper

Perceptually-inspired objective functions such as the perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ), signal-to-distortion ratio (SDR), and short-time objective intelligibility (STOI), have recently been used to optimize performance of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-27 Khandokar Md. Nayem , Donald S. Williamson

Text-to-Speech synthesis systems are generally evaluated using Mean Opinion Score (MOS) tests, where listeners score samples of synthetic speech on a Likert scale. A major drawback of MOS tests is that they only offer a general measure of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-07 Elijah Gutierrez , Pilar Oplustil-Gallegos , Catherine Lai

Recently, zero-shot text-to-speech (TTS) systems, capable of synthesizing any speaker's voice from a short audio prompt, have made rapid advancements. However, the quality of the generated speech significantly deteriorates when the audio…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-11 Xiaofei Wang , Sefik Emre Eskimez , Manthan Thakker , Hemin Yang , Zirun Zhu , Min Tang , Yufei Xia , Jinzhu Li , Sheng Zhao , Jinyu Li , Naoyuki Kanda

We present a neural text-to-speech (TTS) method that models natural vocal effort variation to improve the intelligibility of synthetic speech in the presence of noise. The method consists of first measuring the spectral tilt of unlabeled…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-30 Tuomo Raitio , Petko Petkov , Jiangchuan Li , Muhammed Shifas , Andrea Davis , Yannis Stylianou

The perceptual quality of neural text-to-speech (TTS) is highly dependent on the choice of the model during training. Selecting the model using a training-objective metric such as the least mean squared error does not always correlate with…

When the available data of a target speaker is insufficient to train a high quality speaker-dependent neural text-to-speech (TTS) system, we can combine data from multiple speakers and train a multi-speaker TTS model instead. Many studies…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-09 Hieu-Thi Luong , Xin Wang , Junichi Yamagishi , Nobuyuki Nishizawa

Recently, it has become easier to obtain speech data from various media such as the internet or YouTube, but directly utilizing them to train a neural text-to-speech (TTS) model is difficult. The proportion of clean speech is insufficient…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-05 Hanbin Bae , Jae-Sung Bae , Young-Sun Joo , Young-Ik Kim , Hoon-Young Cho

Prosody is essential for speech technology, shaping comprehension, naturalness, and expressiveness. However, current text-to-speech (TTS) systems still struggle to accurately capture human-like prosodic variation, in part because existing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-05 Cedric Chan , Jianjing Kuang

In the development of neural text-to-speech systems, model pre-training with a large amount of non-target speakers' data is a common approach. However, in terms of ultimately achieved system performance for target speaker(s), the actual…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-11 Guangyan Zhang , Yichong Leng , Daxin Tan , Ying Qin , Kaitao Song , Xu Tan , Sheng Zhao , Tan Lee

Speech quality assessment is a critical process in selecting text-to-speech synthesis (TTS) or voice conversion models. Evaluation of voice synthesis can be done using objective metrics or subjective metrics. Although there are many…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Saurabh Agrawal , Raj Gohil , Gopal Kumar Agrawal , Vikram C M , Kushal Verma

Most text-to-speech (TTS) methods use high-quality speech corpora recorded in a well-designed environment, incurring a high cost for data collection. To solve this problem, existing noise-robust TTS methods are intended to use noisy speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Takaaki Saeki , Kentaro Tachibana , Ryuichi Yamamoto
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