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The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a standard for modeling dynamic systems. UML behavioral state machines are used for modeling the dynamic behavior of object-oriented designs. The UML specification, maintained by the Object Management…
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in structured reasoning and symbolic tasks, with coding emerging as a particularly successful application. This progress has naturally motivated efforts to extend these…
The design of complex man-made systems mostly involves a conceptual modeling phase; therefore, it is important to ensure an appropriate analysis method for these models. A key concept for such analysis is the development of a diagramming…
A system s behavior is typically specified through models such as state diagrams that describe how the system should behave. According to researchers, it is not clear what a state actually represents regarding the system to be modeled.…
In this report, semantics for Statecharts is defined based on a mathematical model of object systems called "system model". The semantics definition is detailed for UML/P Statecharts, a variant of Statecharts which restricts the use of a…
UML state machine design is a critical process in software engineering. Traditionally, state machines are manually crafted by experienced engineers based on natural language requirements-a time-consuming and error-prone procedure. Many…
State-machine based notations are ubiquitous in the description of component systems, particularly in the robotic domain. To ensure these systems are safe and predictable, formal verification techniques are important, and can be…
Despite significant progress in natural language understanding, Large Language Models (LLMs) remain error-prone when performing logical reasoning, often lacking the robust mental representations that enable human-like comprehension. We…
We present an institution for UML state machines without hierarchical states. The interaction with UML class diagrams is handled via institutions for guards and actions, which provide dynamic components of states (such as valuations of…
Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit emergent capabilities in structured domains, suggesting they may implicitly internalize high-fidelity representations of world models. While probing techniques have shown promising signs of this in…
Large Audio Language Models (LALM) combine the audio perception models and the Large Language Models (LLM) and show a remarkable ability to reason about the input audio, infer the meaning, and understand the intent. However, these systems…
Modeling languages in software engineering (e.g., UML) evolved from software systems modeling where denotational and operational kinds of semantics are the traditional subjects of research and practice. According to some authors, although a…
Ultra Strong Machine Learning (USML) refers to symbolic learning systems that not only improve their own performance but can also teach their acquired knowledge to quantifiably improve human performance. We introduce LENS (Logic Programming…
As large language models (LLMs) move from static reasoning tasks toward dynamic environments, their success depends on the ability to navigate and respond to an environment that changes as they interact at inference time. An underexplored…
System and software design benefits greatly from formal modeling, allowing for automated analysis and verification early in the design phase. Current methods excel at checking information flow and component interactions, ensuring…
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being used in education, yet their correctness alone does not capture the quality, reliability, or pedagogical validity of their problem-solving behavior, especially in mathematics, where…
In quantum information and computation research, symbolic methods have been widely used for human specification and reasoning about quantum states and operations. At the same time, they are essential for ensuring the scalability and…
The Unified Modelling Language is emerging as a de-facto standard for modelling object-oriented systems. However, the semantics document that a part of the standard definition primarily provides a description of the language's syntax and…
Mathematical reasoning is essential for problem-solving in education, science, and industry, serving as a crucial benchmark for evaluating artificial intelligence systems. As Large Language Models (LLMs) improve their reasoning…
State-space exploration is an essential step in many modeling and analysis problems. Its goal is to find the states reachable from the initial state of a discrete-state model described. The state space can used to answer important…