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Reasoning over very long inputs remains difficult for large language models (LLMs). Common workarounds either shrink the input via retrieval (risking missed evidence), enlarge the context window (straining selectivity), or stage multiple…

Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) poses a significant challenge in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). While mainstream MRC methods predominantly leverage extractive strategies using encoder-only models such as BERT,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Lin Ai , Zheng Hui , Zizhou Liu , Julia Hirschberg

Automatic question-answering (QA) systems have boomed during last few years, and commonly used techniques can be roughly categorized into Information Retrieval (IR)-based and generation-based. A key solution to the IR based models is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Shuangyong Song , Chao Wang

In this paper, we exploit a memory-augmented neural network to predict accurate answers to visual questions, even when those answers occur rarely in the training set. The memory network incorporates both internal and external memory blocks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Chao Ma , Chunhua Shen , Anthony Dick , Qi Wu , Peng Wang , Anton van den Hengel , Ian Reid

Long-term memory is one of the key factors influencing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Model Agents (LLM Agents). Incorporating a memory mechanism that effectively integrates past interactions can significantly enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Haoran Sun , Shaoning Zeng

Machine reading comprehension (MRC) on real web data usually requires the machine to answer a question by analyzing multiple passages retrieved by search engine. Compared with MRC on a single passage, multi-passage MRC is more challenging,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Yizhong Wang , Kai Liu , Jing Liu , Wei He , Yajuan Lyu , Hua Wu , Sujian Li , Haifeng Wang

Most tasks in natural language processing can be cast into question answering (QA) problems over language input. We introduce the dynamic memory network (DMN), a neural network architecture which processes input sequences and questions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-03-08 Ankit Kumar , Ozan Irsoy , Peter Ondruska , Mohit Iyyer , James Bradbury , Ishaan Gulrajani , Victor Zhong , Romain Paulus , Richard Socher

Multi-hop Question Answering (QA) necessitates complex reasoning by integrating multiple pieces of information to resolve intricate questions. However, existing QA systems encounter challenges such as outdated information, context window…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Xiaoming Zhang , Ming Wang , Xiaocui Yang , Daling Wang , Shi Feng , Yifei Zhang

Recently, end-to-end memory networks have shown promising results on Question Answering task, which encode the past facts into an explicit memory and perform reasoning ability by making multiple computational steps on the memory. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-09-29 Jiaming Xu , Jing Shi , Yiqun Yao , Suncong Zheng , Bo Xu , Bo Xu

Answer selection is an important research problem, with applications in many areas. Previous deep learning based approaches for the task mainly adopt the Compare-Aggregate architecture that performs word-level comparison followed by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-27 Tuan Lai , Quan Hung Tran , Trung Bui , Daisuke Kihara

Existing question answering methods often assume that the input content (e.g., documents or videos) is always accessible to solve the task. Alternatively, memory networks were introduced to mimic the human process of incremental…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Vladimir Araujo , Alvaro Soto , Marie-Francine Moens

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures bring computation closer to data, reducing the processor-memory transfer bottleneck in traditional processor-centric designs. Novel hardware solutions, such as UPMEM's in-memory processing…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Peterson Yuhala , Mpoki Mwaisela , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni

With the development of deep learning techniques and large scale datasets, the question answering (QA) systems have been quickly improved, providing more accurate and satisfying answers. However, current QA systems either focus on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Bingning Wang , Ting Yao , Weipeng Chen , Jingfang Xu , Xiaochuan Wang

Multi-hop question answering (MQA) under knowledge editing (KE) has garnered significant attention in the era of large language models. However, existing models for MQA under KE exhibit poor performance when dealing with questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Keyuan Cheng , Gang Lin , Haoyang Fei , Yuxuan zhai , Lu Yu , Muhammad Asif Ali , Lijie Hu , Di Wang

In order to facilitate natural language understanding, the key is to engage commonsense or background knowledge. However, how to engage commonsense effectively in question answering systems is still under exploration in both research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Qianglong Chen , Feng Ji , Haiqing Chen , Yin Zhang

Video question answering (VideoQA) is challenging given its multimodal combination of visual understanding and natural language processing. While most existing approaches ignore the visual appearance-motion information at different temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Min Peng , Chongyang Wang , Yuan Gao , Yu Shi , Xiang-Dong Zhou

Long-term memory is essential for conversational agents to maintain coherence, track persistent tasks, and provide personalized interactions across extended dialogues. However, existing approaches as Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Juwei Yue , Chuanrui Hu , Jiawei Sheng , Zuyi Zhou , Wenyuan Zhang , Tingwen Liu , Li Guo , Yafeng Deng

Multiple-choice machine reading comprehension is difficult task as its required machines to select the correct option from a set of candidate or possible options using the given passage and question.Reading Comprehension with Multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-19 Vaishali Ingale , Pushpender Singh

While linear attention architectures offer efficient inference, compressing unbounded history into a fixed-size memory inherently limits expressivity and causes information loss. To address this limitation, we introduce Random Access Memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Kaicheng Xiao , Haotian Li , Liran Dong , Guoliang Xing

In this paper, we propose phraseNet, a neural machine translator with a phrase memory which stores phrase pairs in symbolic form, mined from corpus or specified by human experts. For any given source sentence, phraseNet scans the phrase…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-07 Yaohua Tang , Fandong Meng , Zhengdong Lu , Hang Li , Philip L. H. Yu