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We investigate the emergence of quantum complexity and chaos in doped Clifford circuits acting on qudits of odd prime dimension $d$. Using doped Clifford Weingarten calculus and a replica tensor network formalism, we derive exact results…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Beatrice Magni , Xhek Turkeshi

Parallel operations in conventional computing have proven to be an essential tool for efficient and practical computation, and the story is not different for quantum computing. Indeed, there exists a large body of works that study…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-02 Nikodem Grzesiak , Andrii Maksymov , Pradeep Niroula , Yunseong Nam

In a recent work arXiv:2201.07655v2 we showed that there is a constant $\lambda >0$ such that it is possible to efficiently classically simulate a quantum system in which (i) qudits are placed on the nodes of a graph, (ii) each qudit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Sahar Atallah , Michael Garn , Yukuan Tao , Shashank Virmani

Braiding defects in topological stabiliser codes has been widely studied as a promising approach to fault-tolerant quantum computing. Here, we explore the potential and limitations of such schemes in codes of all spatial dimensions. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-11 Paul Webster , Stephen D. Bartlett

This work classifies the set of diagonal gates that can implement a single or two-qubit transversal logical gate for qubit stabilizer codes. We show that individual physical gates on the underlying qubits that compose the code are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-08 Jonas T. Anderson , Tomas Jochym-O'Connor

It is an oft-cited fact that no quantum code can support a set of fault-tolerant logical gates that is both universal and transversal. This no-go theorem is generally responsible for the interest in alternative universality constructions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-20 Theodore J. Yoder , Ryuji Takagi , Isaac L. Chuang

Characterising quantum processes is a key task in and constitutes a challenge for the development of quantum technologies, especially at the noisy intermediate scale of today's devices. One method for characterising processes is randomised…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-31 Ingo Roth , Richard Kueng , Shelby Kimmel , Yi-Kai Liu , David Gross , Jens Eisert , Martin Kliesch

In 2021, Broadbent and Kazmi developed a gate-teleportation-based protocol for computational indistinguishability obfuscation of quantum circuits. This protocol is efficient for Clifford+T circuits with logarithmically many T-gates, where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Joshua Nevin

Bidirectional quantum teleportation is a fundamental protocol for exchanging quantum information between two quantum nodes. All bidirectional quantum teleportation protocols till now have achieved a maximum efficiency of $40\%$. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-22 Javid A Malik , Muzaffar Qadir Lone , Rayees A Malla

We show that qubit stabilizer states can be represented by non-negative quasi-probability distributions associated with a Wigner-Weyl-Moyal formalism where Clifford gates are positive state-independent maps. This is accomplished by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-03 Lucas Kocia , Peter Love

Clifford gates play a role in the optimisation of Clifford+T circuits. Reducing the count and the depth of Clifford gates, as well as the optimal scheduling of T gates, influence the hardware and the time costs of executing quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-18 Alexandru Paler , Robert Basmadjian

Surface and color codes are two forms of topological quantum error correction in two spatial dimensions with complementary properties. Surface codes have lower-depth error detection circuits and well-developed decoders to interpret and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-18 Jonathan E. Moussa

We give a pair of algorithms that efficiently learn a quantum state prepared by Clifford gates and $O(\log n)$ non-Clifford gates. Specifically, for an $n$-qubit state $|\psi\rangle$ prepared with at most $t$ non-Clifford gates, our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Sabee Grewal , Vishnu Iyer , William Kretschmer , Daniel Liang

IBM has made several quantum computers available to researchers around the world via cloud services. Two architectures with five qubits, one with 16, and one with 20 qubits are available to run experiments. The IBM architectures implement…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Gerhard W. Dueck , Anirban Pathak , Md Mazder Rahman , Abhishek Shukla , Anindita Banerjee

Transversal gates are the simplest form of fault-tolerant gates and are relatively easy to implement in practice. Yet designing codes that support useful transversal operations -- especially non-Clifford or addressable gates -- remains…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 ChunJun Cao , Brad Lackey

Teleportation of quantum gates is a critical step for implementation of quantum networking and teleportation-based models of quantum computation. We report an experimental demonstration of teleportation of the prototypical quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Yun-Feng Huang , Xi-Feng Ren , Yong-Sheng Zhang , Lu-Ming Duan , Guang-Can Guo

Constructing quantum codes with good parameters and useful transversal gates is a central problem in quantum error correction. In this paper, we continue our work in arXiv:2502.01864 and construct the first family of asymptotically good…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-09 Zhiyang He , Vinod Vaikuntanathan , Adam Wills , Rachel Yun Zhang

Arbitrarily accurate fault-tolerant (FT) universal quantum computation can be carried out using the Clifford gates Z, S, CNOT plus the non-Clifford T gate. Moreover, a recent improvement of the Solovay-Kitaev theorem by Kuperberg implies…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-02 H. F. Chau

Identifying stabilizer codes that admit fault-tolerant implementations of the full logical Clifford group would significantly advance fault-tolerant quantum computation. Motivated by this goal, we study several classes of fault-tolerant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Aranya Chakraborty , Daniel Gottesman

We introduce the magic hierarchy, a quantum circuit model that alternates between arbitrary-sized Clifford circuits and constant-depth circuits with two-qubit gates ($\textsf{QNC}^0$). This model unifies existing circuit models, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-29 Natalie Parham