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It has been shown that word embeddings can exhibit gender bias, and various methods have been proposed to quantify this. However, the extent to which the methods are capturing social stereotypes inherited from the data has been debated.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Haiyang Zhang , Alison Sneyd , Mark Stevenson

Subjective bias detection is critical for applications like propaganda detection, content recommendation, sentiment analysis, and bias neutralization. This bias is introduced in natural language via inflammatory words and phrases, casting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Tanvi Dadu , Kartikey Pant , Radhika Mamidi

Large language models (LLMs) trained on vast corpora suffer from inevitable stereotype biases. Mitigating these biases with fine-tuning could be both costly and data-hungry. Model editing methods, which focus on modifying LLMs in a post-hoc…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Jianhao Yan , Futing Wang , Yafu Li , Yue Zhang

Does the grammatical gender of a language interfere when measuring the semantic gender information captured by its word embeddings? A number of anomalous gender bias measurements in the embeddings of gendered languages suggest this…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Shiva Omrani Sabbaghi , Aylin Caliskan

This work presents a new and simple approach for fine-tuning pretrained word embeddings for text classification tasks. In this approach, the class in which a term appears, acts as an additional contextual variable during the fine tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Amr Al-Khatib , Samhaa R. El-Beltagy

To mitigate societal biases implicitly encoded in recent successful pretrained language models, a diverse array of approaches have been proposed to encourage model fairness, focusing on prompting, data augmentation, regularized fine-tuning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Jingxuan Xu , Wuyang Chen , Linyi Li , Yao Zhao , Yunchao Wei

Static word embeddings often absorb social biases from the text they learn from, and those biases can quietly shape downstream systems. Prior work that uses the Stereotype Content Model (SCM) has focused mostly on single-group bias along…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Eren Kocadag , Seyed Sahand Mohammadi Ziabari , Ali Mohammed Mansoor Alsahag

Multimodal emotion recognition in conversations (mERC) is an active research topic in natural language processing (NLP), which aims to predict human's emotional states in communications of multiple modalities, e,g., natural language and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Jinglin Wang , Fang Ma , Yazhou Zhang , Dawei Song

Language models frequently inherit societal biases from their training data. Numerous techniques have been proposed to mitigate these biases during both the pre-training and fine-tuning stages. However, fine-tuning a pre-trained debiased…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Shahed Masoudian , Markus Frohmann , Navid Rekabsaz , Markus Schedl

Human biases are ubiquitous but not uniform: disparities exist across linguistic, cultural, and societal borders. As large amounts of recent literature suggest, language models (LMs) trained on human data can reflect and often amplify the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Anjishnu Mukherjee , Chahat Raj , Ziwei Zhu , Antonios Anastasopoulos

Recent research efforts in NLP have demonstrated that distributional word vector spaces often encode stereotypical human biases, such as racism and sexism. With word representations ubiquitously used in NLP models and pipelines, this raises…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Niklas Friedrich , Anne Lauscher , Simone Paolo Ponzetto , Goran Glavaš

The hate speech detection task is known to suffer from bias against African American English (AAE) dialect text, due to the annotation bias present in the underlying hate speech datasets used to train these models. This leads to a disparity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Diana Iftimie , Erik Zinn

Word embeddings are the standard model for semantic and syntactic representations of words. Unfortunately, these models have been shown to exhibit undesirable word associations resulting from gender, racial, and religious biases. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Vaibhav Kumar , Tenzin Singhay Bhotia , Vaibhav Kumar , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Recent advances in cross-lingual word embeddings have primarily relied on mapping-based methods, which project pretrained word embeddings from different languages into a shared space through a linear transformation. However, these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Ali Sabet , Prakhar Gupta , Jean-Baptiste Cordonnier , Robert West , Martin Jaggi

Biased associations have been a challenge in the development of classifiers for detecting toxic language, hindering both fairness and accuracy. As potential solutions, we investigate recently introduced debiasing methods for text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Xuhui Zhou , Maarten Sap , Swabha Swayamdipta , Noah A. Smith , Yejin Choi

Hate speech detection is a common downstream application of natural language processing (NLP) in the real world. In spite of the increasing accuracy, current data-driven approaches could easily learn biases from the imbalanced data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Yi Cai , Arthur Zimek , Gerhard Wunder , Eirini Ntoutsi

Due to the presence of political echo chambers, it becomes imperative to detect and remove subjective bias and emotionally charged language from both the text and images of political articles. However, prior work has focused on solely the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Cedric Bernard , Xavier Pleimling , Amun Kharel , Chase Vickery

Biases in the dataset often enable the model to achieve high performance on in-distribution data, while poorly performing on out-of-distribution data. To mitigate the detrimental effect of the bias on the networks, previous works have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Eojin Jeon , Mingyu Lee , Juhyeong Park , Yeachan Kim , Wing-Lam Mok , SangKeun Lee

Deep neural networks have been adopted successfully in hate speech detection problems. Nevertheless, the effect of the word embedding models on the neural network's performance has not been appropriately examined in the literature. In our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Safa Alsafari , Samira Sadaoui , Malek Mouhoub

In this work, we examine the extent to which embeddings may encode marginalized populations differently, and how this may lead to a perpetuation of biases and worsened performance on clinical tasks. We pretrain deep embedding models (BERT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Haoran Zhang , Amy X. Lu , Mohamed Abdalla , Matthew McDermott , Marzyeh Ghassemi
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