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Gender bias is highly impacting natural language processing applications. Word embeddings have clearly been proven both to keep and amplify gender biases that are present in current data sources. Recently, contextualized word embeddings…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-19 Christine Basta , Marta R. Costa-jussà , Noe Casas

Word embeddings learnt from massive text collections have demonstrated significant levels of discriminative biases such as gender, racial or ethnic biases, which in turn bias the down-stream NLP applications that use those word embeddings.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Masahiro Kaneko , Danushka Bollegala

As natural language processing methods are increasingly deployed in real-world scenarios such as healthcare, legal systems, and social science, it becomes necessary to recognize the role they potentially play in shaping social biases and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Paul Pu Liang , Irene Mengze Li , Emily Zheng , Yao Chong Lim , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Louis-Philippe Morency

Neural machine translation has significantly pushed forward the quality of the field. However, there are remaining big issues with the output translations and one of them is fairness. Neural models are trained on large text corpora which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Joel Escudé Font , Marta R. Costa-jussà

It has been shown that word embeddings derived from large corpora tend to incorporate biases present in their training data. Various methods for mitigating these biases have been proposed, but recent work has demonstrated that these methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Hailey Joren , David Alvarez-Melis

Word embeddings are often criticized for capturing undesirable word associations such as gender stereotypes. However, methods for measuring and removing such biases remain poorly understood. We show that for any embedding model that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Kawin Ethayarajh , David Duvenaud , Graeme Hirst

This work describes a large-scale analysis of sentiment associations in popular word embedding models along the lines of gender and ethnicity but also along the less frequently studied dimensions of socioeconomic status, age, sexual…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-07-01 David Rozado

(Bolukbasi et al., 2016) demonstrated that pretrained word embeddings can inherit gender bias from the data they were trained on. We investigate how this bias affects downstream classification tasks, using the case study of occupation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-09 Flavien Prost , Nithum Thain , Tolga Bolukbasi

As machine learning algorithms are increasingly deployed for high-impact automated decision making, ethical and increasingly also legal standards demand that they treat all individuals fairly, without discrimination based on their age,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Maarten Buyl , Tijl De Bie

Word embedding has become essential for natural language processing as it boosts empirical performances of various tasks. However, recent research discovers that gender bias is incorporated in neural word embeddings, and downstream tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Zekun Yang , Juan Feng

Note: This paper includes examples of potentially offensive content related to religious bias, presented solely for academic purposes. The widespread adoption of language models highlights the need for critical examinations of their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Ajwad Abrar , Nafisa Tabassum Oeshy , Mohsinul Kabir , Sophia Ananiadou

Distributional word vectors have recently been shown to encode many of the human biases, most notably gender and racial biases, and models for attenuating such biases have consequently been proposed. However, existing models and studies (1)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-06 Anne Lauscher , Goran Glavaš , Simone Paolo Ponzetto , Ivan Vulić

While deep learning models are making fast progress on the task of Natural Language Inference, recent studies have also shown that these models achieve high accuracy by exploiting several dataset biases, and without deep understanding of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Xiang Zhou , Mohit Bansal

Societal biases in the usage of words, including harmful stereotypes, are frequently learned by common word embedding methods. These biases manifest not only between a word and an explicit marker of its stereotype, but also between words…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Erin George , Joyce Chew , Deanna Needell

Word embeddings are widely used in NLP for a vast range of tasks. It was shown that word embeddings derived from text corpora reflect gender biases in society. This phenomenon is pervasive and consistent across different word embedding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Hila Gonen , Yoav Goldberg

Abusive language detection models tend to have a problem of being biased toward identity words of a certain group of people because of imbalanced training datasets. For example, "You are a good woman" was considered "sexist" when trained on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-23 Ji Ho Park , Jamin Shin , Pascale Fung

Word vector embeddings have been shown to contain and amplify biases in data they are extracted from. Consequently, many techniques have been proposed to identify, mitigate, and attenuate these biases in word representations. In this paper,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Archit Rathore , Sunipa Dev , Jeff M. Phillips , Vivek Srikumar , Yan Zheng , Chin-Chia Michael Yeh , Junpeng Wang , Wei Zhang , Bei Wang

Social bias in language - towards genders, ethnicities, ages, and other social groups - poses a problem with ethical impact for many NLP applications. Recent research has shown that machine learning models trained on respective data may not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Maximilian Spliethöver , Henning Wachsmuth

Several prior studies have suggested that word frequency biases can cause the Bert model to learn indistinguishable sentence embeddings. Contrastive learning schemes such as SimCSE and ConSERT have already been adopted successfully in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Pu Miao , Zeyao Du , Junlin Zhang

Language Representation Models (LRMs) trained with real-world data may capture and exacerbate undesired bias and cause unfair treatment of people in various demographic groups. Several techniques have been investigated for applying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Chloe Qinyu Zhu , Rickard Stureborg , Brandon Fain