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We present a demonstration of near real-time spacecraft astrometry with the VLBA. We detect the X-band downlink signal from Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and Odyssey with the VLBA and transmit the data over the internet for correlation at the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 W. Max-Moerbeck , W. F. Brisken , J. D. Romney

When comparing modern fundamental reference frames in the radio (International Celestial Reference Frame) and optical (Gaia), a couple of bright radio reference sources appear to have very large radio-optical offsets, from tens up to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-01-14 S. Frey , O. Titov , A. Melnikov , S. Lambert

We describe the design of a radio interferometer composed of a Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) antenna and a Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) radio telescope. Our eventual goal is to use this interferometer for geodetic…

Aims: We computed a celestial reference frame (CRF) from Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) Global Observing System (VGOS) data after five years of regular observations (155 multi-baseline 24-hour VGOS sessions until 2024.0). In this…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-25 Hana Krasna , Christopher S. Jacobs , Matthias Schartner , Patrick Charlot

Extending geodetic and astrometric Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations from traditional centimeter wavebands to millimeter wavebands offers numerous scientific potentials and benefits. However, it was considered quite…

The importance of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) for pulsar research is becoming increasingly prominent and receiving more and more attention. In this paper, we present pathfinding pulsar observation results with the Chinese VLBI…

We report the results of a successful 12 hour 22 GHz VLBI experiment using a heterogeneous network that includes radio telescopes of the Long Baseline Array (LBA) in Australia and several VLBI stations that regularly observe in geodetic…

Deep space navigation presents significant challenges due to the unavailability of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals and severe signal attenuation over interplanetary distances. Traditional terrestrial systems, such as NASA…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-29 Moshe Golani , Yoram Rozen , Hector Rotstein

Very Long Baseline Atom Interferometry (VLBAI) corresponds to ground-based atomic matter-wave interferometry on large scales in space and time, letting the atomic wave functions interfere after free evolution times of several seconds or…

The quality of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) radio observations predominantly relies on precise and ultra-stable time and frequency (T&F) standards, usually hydrogen masers (HM), maintained locally at each VLBI station. Here, we…

Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) provides the finest angular resolution of all astronomical observation techniques. However, observations with Earth-based instruments are approaching fundamental limits on angular resolution. These…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-14 Ben Hudson , Leonid I. Gurvits , Daniel Palumbo , Sara Issaoun , Hannah Rana

We present the results of several multi-station Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) experiments conducted with the ESA spacecraft Venus Express as a target. To determine the true capabilities of VLBI tracking for future planetary…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-15 Dmitry A. Duev , Guifre Molera Calves , Sergei V. Pogrebenko , Leonid I. Gurvits , Giuseppe Cimo , Tatiana Bocanegra Bahamon

Very Long Baseline Interferometry is capable of measuring the gravitational delay caused by the Sun and planet gravitational fields. The post-Newtonian parameter $\gamma$ is now estimated with accuracy of $\sigma_{\gamma}=2\cdot 10^{-4}$…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-11-04 Anastassia Girdiuk , Oleg Titov

We present here a concept of measuring local ties between collocated GNSS and VLBI stations using the microwave technique that effectively transforms a GNSS receiver to an element of a VLBI network. This is achieved by modifying the signal…

Optical Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) offers the potential for unprecedented angular resolution in both astronomical imaging and precision measurements. Classical approaches, however, face significant limitations due to photon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Zixin Huang , Oleg Titov , Mikolaj K. Schmidt , Benjamin Pope , Gavin K. Brennen , Daniel Oi , Pieter Kok

We present a new method of time-dependent instrumental polarization calibration for Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI). This method has been implemented in the recently developed polarization calibration pipeline GPCAL. Instrumental…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-06 Jongho Park , Keiichi Asada , Do-Young Byun

By utilizing the quadratic dependency of the interferometry phase on time, the Hannover Very Long Baseline Atom Interferometer facility (VLBAI) aims for sub nm/s$^2$ gravity measurement sensitivity. With its 10 m vertical baseline, VLBAI…

Space Very-Long-Baseline-Interferometry (S-VLBI) observations at high frequencies hold the prospect of achieving the highest angular resolutions and astrometric accuracies, resulting from the long baselines between ground and satellite…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-01-12 M. Rioja , R. Dodson , J. Malarecki , Y. Asaki

Context: We introduce the computation of global reference frames from Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations at the Vienna International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS) Analysis Center (VIE) in detail. We focus…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-08 H. Krásná , L. Baldreich , J. Böhm , S. Böhm , J. Gruber , A. Hellerschmied , F. Jaron , L. Kern , D. Mayer , A. Nothnagel , O. Panzenböck , H. Wolf

The Seoul Radio Astronomy Observatory (SRAO) operates a 6.1-meter radio telescope on the Gwanak campus of Seoul National University. We present the efforts to reform SRAO to a Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) station, motivated by…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-30 Naeun Shin , Yong-Sun Park , Do-Young Byun , Jinguk Seo , Dongkok Kim , Cheulhong Min , Hyunwoo Kang , Keiichi Asada , Wen-Ping Lo , Sascha Trippe