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Graph neural networks (GNNs) excel on homophilic graphs where connected nodes share labels, but struggle with heterophilic graphs where edges do not imply similarity. Moreover, iterative message passing limits scalability due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Turja Kundu , Sanjukta Bhowmick

Many strides have been made in semantic segmentation of multiple classes within an image. This has been largely due to advancements in deep learning and convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Features within a CNN are automatically learned…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-17 Erik Gaasedelen , Alex Deakyne , Paul Iaizzo

We propose a novel deep neural network architecture for semi-supervised semantic segmentation using heterogeneous annotations. Contrary to existing approaches posing semantic segmentation as a single task of region-based classification, our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-06-18 Seunghoon Hong , Hyeonwoo Noh , Bohyung Han

Self-supervised pre-training paradigm has gained increasing prominence for learning transferable representations in medical imaging, yet existing methods for ultrasound (US) images operate at the image or frame level, overlooking the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Chunzheng Zhu , Yijun Wang , Jianxin Lin , Feng Wang , Hongwei Wang , Lei Zhao , Shengli Li , Kenli Li

Medical Image Segmentation (MIS) includes diverse tasks, from bone to organ segmentation, each with its own challenges in finding the best segmentation model. The state-of-the-art AutoML-related MIS-framework nnU-Net automates many aspects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Jannis Becktepe , Leona Hennig , Steffen Oeltze-Jafra , Marius Lindauer

An autoencoder is a neural network which data projects to and from a lower dimensional latent space, where this data is easier to understand and model. The autoencoder consists of two sub-networks, the encoder and the decoder, which carry…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Saïd Ladjal , Alasdair Newson , Chi-Hieu Pham

We develop a neural network architecture which, trained in an unsupervised manner as a denoising diffusion model, simultaneously learns to both generate and segment images. Learning is driven entirely by the denoising diffusion objective,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Xin Yuan , Michael Maire

We propose the autofocus convolutional layer for semantic segmentation with the objective of enhancing the capabilities of neural networks for multi-scale processing. Autofocus layers adaptively change the size of the effective receptive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-12 Yao Qin , Konstantinos Kamnitsas , Siddharth Ancha , Jay Nanavati , Garrison Cottrell , Antonio Criminisi , Aditya Nori

In this paper, we propose a self-supervised learningmethod for multi-object pose estimation. 3D object under-standing from 2D image is a challenging task that infers ad-ditional dimension from reduced-dimensional information.In particular,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Hyeonwoo Yu , Jean Oh

Deep Learning for neuroimaging data is a promising but challenging direction. The high dimensionality of 3D MRI scans makes this endeavor compute and data-intensive. Most conventional 3D neuroimaging methods use 3D-CNN-based architectures…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-10 Umang Gupta , Pradeep K. Lam , Greg Ver Steeg , Paul M. Thompson

Deep learning-based segmentation techniques have shown remarkable performance in brain segmentation, yet their success hinges on the availability of extensive labeled training data. Acquiring such vast datasets, however, poses a significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Jihoon Cho , Suhyun Ahn , Beomju Kim , Hyungjoon Bae , Xiaofeng Liu , Fangxu Xing , Kyungeun Lee , Georges Elfakhri , Van Wedeen , Jonghye Woo , Jinah Park

The automatic segmentation of perinatal brain structures in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is of utmost importance for the study of brain growth and related complications. While different methods exist for adult and pediatric MRI data,…

This paper presents a new method for pre-training neural networks that can decrease the total training time for a neural network while maintaining the final performance, which motivates its use on deep neural networks. By partitioning the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-01-05 Conrado S. Miranda , Fernando J. Von Zuben

Large scale studies of group differences in healthy controls and patients and screenings for early stage disease prevention programs require processing and analysis of extensive multisubject datasets. Complexity of the task increases even…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-02 Alex Fedorov , Eswar Damaraju , Vince Calhoun , Sergey Plis

For medical volume visualization, one of the most important tasks is to reveal clinically relevant details from the 3D scan (CT, MRI ...), e.g. the coronary arteries, without obscuring them with less significant parts. These volume datasets…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-06-12 Dženan Zukić , Andreas Elsner , Zikrija Avdagić , Gitta Domik

A central challenge in data visualization is to understand which data samples are required to generate an image of a data set in which the relevant information is encoded. In this work, we make a first step towards answering the question of…

Graphics · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Sebastian Weiss , Mustafa Işık , Justus Thies , Rüdiger Westermann

Recent advancements in vision foundation models (VFMs) have revolutionized visual perception in 2D, yet their potential for 3D scene understanding, particularly in autonomous driving applications, remains underexplored. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Lingdong Kong , Xiang Xu , Youquan Liu , Jun Cen , Runnan Chen , Wenwei Zhang , Liang Pan , Kai Chen , Ziwei Liu

Point clouds provide a flexible and natural representation usable in countless applications such as robotics or self-driving cars. Recently, deep neural networks operating on raw point cloud data have shown promising results on supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Jonathan Sauder , Bjarne Sievers

We introduce a novel neural network architecture for encoding and synthesis of 3D shapes, particularly their structures. Our key insight is that 3D shapes are effectively characterized by their hierarchical organization of parts, which…

Graphics · Computer Science 2017-05-16 Jun Li , Kai Xu , Siddhartha Chaudhuri , Ersin Yumer , Hao Zhang , Leonidas Guibas

Symbolic rule learners generate interpretable solutions, however they require the input to be encoded symbolically. Neuro-symbolic approaches overcome this issue by mapping raw data to latent symbolic concepts using a neural network.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Theo Charalambous , Yaniv Aspis , Alessandra Russo