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Related papers: Targeting for long-term outcomes

200 papers

Retailers have significant potential to improve recommendations through strategic bundling and pricing. By taking into account different types of customers and their purchasing decisions, retailers can better accommodate customer…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-06 Maxime Bouscary , Mazen Danaf , Saurabh Amin

There is increasing interest in allocating treatments based on observed individual characteristics: examples include targeted marketing, individualized credit offers, and heterogeneous pricing. Treatment personalization introduces…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-04-06 Evan Munro

We study how an e-commerce firm should make real-time fulfillment decisions in a two-layer distribution network when multi-item customer orders arrive sequentially and future demand is unknown. The central managerial tension is whether to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Xi Chen , Yuze Chen , Ziyi Chen , Yuan Zhou

Online user-generated content platforms allocate billions of dollars of promotional traffic through algorithms in two-sided marketplaces. To evaluate updates to these algorithms, platforms frequently rely on creator-side randomized…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-10 Ruohan Zhan , Shichao Han , Yuchen Hu , Zhenling Jiang

Offline optimization has recently emerged as an increasingly popular approach to mitigate the prohibitively expensive cost of online experimentation. The key idea is to learn a surrogate of the black-box function that underlines the target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Manh Cuong Dao , Phi Le Nguyen , Thao Nguyen Truong , Trong Nghia Hoang

Algorithm designers typically assume that the input data is correct, and then proceed to find "optimal" or "sub-optimal" solutions using this input data. However this assumption of correct data does not always hold in practice, especially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-10-13 Hal Daumé , Samir Khuller , Manish Purohit , Gregory Sanders

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) methods learn a policy by iteratively performing multiple mini-batch optimization epochs of a surrogate objective with one set of sampled data. Ratio clipping PPO is a popular variant that clips the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Mingfei Sun , Vitaly Kurin , Guoqing Liu , Sam Devlin , Tao Qin , Katja Hofmann , Shimon Whiteson

We propose a data-driven method to establish probabilistic performance guarantees for parametric optimization problems solved via iterative algorithms. Our approach addresses two key challenges: providing convergence guarantees to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-31 Jingyi Huang , Paul Goulart , Kostas Margellos

User growth is a major strategy for consumer internet companies. To optimize costly marketing campaigns and maximize user engagement, we propose a novel treatment effect optimization methodology to enhance user growth marketing. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Shuyang Du , Jennifer Zhang , Will Y. Zou

This paper studies the problem of optimally allocating treatments in the presence of spillover effects, using information from a (quasi-)experiment. I introduce a method that maximizes the sample analog of average social welfare when…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-04-09 Davide Viviano

In program evaluations, units can often anticipate the implementation of a new policy before it occurs. Such anticipatory behavior can lead to units' outcomes becoming dependent on their future treatment assignments. In this paper, I employ…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-12-02 Aibo Gong

We investigate how to exploit structural similarities of an individual's potential outcomes (POs) under different treatments to obtain better estimates of conditional average treatment effects in finite samples. Especially when it is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-26 Alicia Curth , Mihaela van der Schaar

Evaluating the value of new clinical treatment rules based on patient characteristics is important but often complicated by hidden confounding factors in observational studies. Standard methods for estimating the average patient outcome if…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-21 Johannes Hruza , Erin Gabriel , Arvid Sjölander , Samir Bhatt , Michael Sachs

Policy-makers are often faced with the task of distributing a limited supply of resources. To support decision-making in these settings, statisticians are confronted with two challenges: estimands are defined by allocation strategies that…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-01 Aaron L. Sarvet , Julien D. Laurendeau , Mats J. Stensrud

We propose a new method in indefinite-horizon settings for estimating optimal dynamic treatment regimes for time-to-event outcomes. This method allows patients to have different numbers of treatment stages and is constructed using…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-31 Jane She , Matthew Egberg , Michael R. Kosorok

Affine policies (or control) are widely used as a solution approach in dynamic optimization where computing an optimal adjustable solution is usually intractable. While the worst case performance of affine policies can be significantly bad,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-15 Omar El Housni , Vineet Goyal

Problem definition: Access to accurate predictions of patients' outcomes can enhance medical staff's decision-making, which ultimately benefits all stakeholders in the hospitals. A large hospital network in the US has been collaborating…

We consider the optimal value of information (VoI) problem, where the goal is to sequentially select a set of tests with a minimal cost, so that one can efficiently make the best decision based on the observed outcomes. Existing algorithms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Yuxin Chen , Jean-Michel Renders , Morteza Haghir Chehreghani , Andreas Krause

We revisit Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) in both on-policy and off-policy optimization regimes. Our motivation comes from recent work on off-policy Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), which improves training stability, sampling…

There has been a surge of recent interest in automatically learning policies to target treatment decisions based on rich individual covariates. In addition, practitioners want confidence that the learned policy has better performance than…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-10 Hamsa Bastani , Osbert Bastani , Bryce McLaughlin