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We review camera architecture in the age of artificial intelligence. Modern cameras use physical components and software to capture, compress and display image data. Over the past 5 years, deep learning solutions have become superior to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-13 David J. Brady , Minghao Hu , Chengyu Wang , Xuefei Yan , Lu Fang , Yiwnheng Zhu , Yang Tan , Ming Cheng , Zhan Ma

Conventional cameras generate a lot of data that can be challenging to process in resource-constrained applications. Usually, cameras generate data streams on the order of the number of pixels in the image. However, most of this captured…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Sasidharan Mahalingam , Rachel Brown , Atul Ingle

Hyperspectral cameras generate a large amount of data due to the presence of hundreds of spectral bands as opposed to only three channels (red, green, and blue) in traditional cameras. This requires a significant amount of data transmission…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-12 Gourav Datta , Zihan Yin , Ajey Jacob , Akhilesh R. Jaiswal , Peter A. Beerel

The vast majority of photos taken today are by mobile phones. While their quality is rapidly growing, due to physical limitations and cost constraints, mobile phone cameras struggle to compare in quality with DSLR cameras. This motivates us…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-01 Etienne de Stoutz , Andrey Ignatov , Nikolay Kobyshev , Radu Timofte , Luc Van Gool

Cameras are the defacto sensor. The growing demand for real-time and low-power computer vision, coupled with trends towards high-efficiency heterogeneous systems, has given rise to a wide range of image processing acceleration techniques at…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-10-18 Amrita Mazumdar , Thierry Moreau , Sung Kim , Meghan Cowan , Armin Alaghi , Luis Ceze , Mark Oskin , Visvesh Sathe

Digital pixel sensor (DPS) has evolved as a pivotal component in modern imaging systems and has the potential to revolutionize various fields such as medical imaging, astronomy, surveillance, IoT devices, etc. Compared to analog pixel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Md Rahatul Islam Udoy , Shamiul Alam , Md Mazharul Islam , Akhilesh Jaiswal , Ahmedullah Aziz

Modern computer vision has moved beyond the domain of internet photo collections and into the physical world, guiding camera-equipped robots and autonomous cars through unstructured environments. To enable these embodied agents to interact…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Igor Vasiljevic

Imaging and Image sensors is a field that is continuously evolving. There are new products coming into the market every day. Some of these have very severe Size, Weight and Power constraints whereas other devices have to handle very high…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-11-17 Nihar Athreyas , Zhiguo Lai , Jai Gupta , Dev Gupta

Particle image velocimetry is an important technique in experimental fluid mechanics, for which it has been essential to use a specialized high-speed camera. However, the high speed is at the expense of other performances of the camera,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2012-07-17 K. Hashimoto , A. Hori , T. Hara , S. Onogi , H. Mouri

Real-world imaging systems acquire measurements that are degraded by noise, optical aberrations, and other imperfections that make image processing for human viewing and higher-level perception tasks challenging. Conventional cameras…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Steven Diamond , Vincent Sitzmann , Frank Julca-Aguilar , Stephen Boyd , Gordon Wetzstein , Felix Heide

Imaging and Image sensors is a field that is continuously evolving. There are new products coming into the market every day. Some of these have very severe Size, Weight and Power constraints whereas other devices have to handle very high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-01 Nihar Athreyas , Zhiguo Lai , Jai Gupta , Dev Gupta

The optical resolution of a digital camera is one of its most crucial parameters with broad relevance for consumer electronics, surveillance systems, remote sensing, or medical imaging. However, resolution is physically limited by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Thomas Köhler

High throughput video acquisition is a challenging problem and has been drawing increasing attention. Existing high throughput imaging systems splice hundreds of sub-images/videos into high throughput videos, suffering from extremely high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Chenxi Qiu , Tao Yue , Xuemei Hu

We describe the development, operation, and application of the 4D Camera -- a 576 by 576 pixel active pixel sensor for scanning/transmission electron microscopy which operates at 87,000 Hz. The detector generates data at approximately 480…

As the ubiquity of smart mobile devices continues to rise, Optical Camera Communication systems have gained more attention as a solution for efficient and private data streaming. This system utilizes optical cameras to receive data from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Hang Su , Ling Gao , Tao Liu , Laurent Kneip

Autonomous vehicles rely on perception systems to understand their surroundings for further navigation missions. Cameras are essential for perception systems due to the advantages of object detection and recognition provided by modern…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-21 You Li , Julien Moreau , Javier Ibanez-Guzman

A limitation of many compressive imaging architectures lies in the sequential nature of the sensing process, which leads to long sensing times. In this paper we present a novel architecture that uses fewer detectors than the number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-11-05 Tomas Björklund , Enrico Magli

The PCI diagnostic is an internal reference interferometer that creates an image of absolutely calibrated electron density fluctuations integrated along the line of sight of the probing light beam. While conventional PCI diagnostics…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-10-18 Alessandro Marinoni , John Chris Rost , Miklos Porkolab

Medical imaging plays a vital role in modern diagnostics; however, interpreting high-resolution radiological data remains time-consuming and susceptible to variability among clinicians. Traditional image processing techniques often lack the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Melika Filvantorkaman , Maral Filvan Torkaman

Today, most X-ray pixel detectors used at light sources transmit raw pixel data off the detector ASIC. With the availability of more advanced ASIC technology nodes for scientific application, more digital functionality from the computing…

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