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Evaluating the effectiveness of software protection is crucial for selecting the most effective methods to safeguard assets within software applications. Obfuscation involves techniques that deliberately modify software to make it more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Leonardo Regano , Daniele Canavese , Cataldo Basile , Marco Torchiano

We propose a robust transformer architecture designed to prevent prompt injection attacks and ensure secure, reliable response generation. Our PICO (Prompt Isolation and Cybersecurity Oversight) framework structurally separates trusted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Ben Goertzel , Paulos Yibelo

The main goal of design obfuscation schemes is to protect sensitive design details from untrusted parties in the VLSI supply chain, including but not limited to off-shore foundries and untrusted end users. In this work, we provide a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yuntao Liu , Abir Akib , Zelin Lu , Qian Xu , Ankur Srivastava , Gang Qu , David Kehlet , Nij Dorairaj

Logic obfuscation is introduced as a pivotal defense against multiple hardware threats on Integrated Circuits (ICs), including reverse engineering (RE) and intellectual property (IP) theft. The effectiveness of logic obfuscation is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Rakibul Hassan , Gaurav Kolhe , Setareh Rafatirad , Houman Homayoun , Sai Manoj Pudukotai Dinakarrao

Sequential logic locking has been studied over the last decade as a method to protect sequential circuits from reverse engineering. However, most of the existing sequential logic locking techniques are threatened by increasingly more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Yuke Zhang , Yinghua Hu , Pierluigi Nuzzo , Peter A. Beerel

Layout camouflaging (LC) is a promising technique to protect chip design intellectual property (IP) from reverse engineers. Most prior art, however, cannot leverage the full potential of LC due to excessive overheads and/or their limited…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-21 Satwik Patnaik , Mohammed Ashraf , Johann Knechtel , Ozgur Sinanoglu

The next generation of Adaptive Optics (AO) systems on large telescopes will require immense computation performance and memory bandwidth, both of which are challenging with the technology available today. The objective of this work is to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-03 Avinash Surendran , Mahesh P. Burse , A. N. Ramaprakash , Padmakar S. Parihar

Obfuscation techniques are a general category of software protections widely adopted to prevent malicious tampering of the code by making applications more difficult to understand and thus harder to modify. Obfuscation techniques are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-04-10 Alessio Viticchié , Leonardo Regano , Marco Torchiano , Cataldo Basile , Mariano Ceccato , Paolo Tonella , Roberto Tiella

An obfuscator is an algorithm that translates circuits into functionally-equivalent similarly-sized circuits that are hard to understand. Efficient obfuscators would have many applications in cryptography. Until recently, theoretical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-10-11 Gorjan Alagic , Stacey Jeffery , Stephen P. Jordan

Over the years, many techniques have been introduced to protect integrated circuits (ICs) from hardware security threats that emerged in the globalized IC manufacturing supply chain, such as overproduction and piracy. However, most of these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Levent Aksoy , Muhammad Sohaib Munir , Sedat Akleylek

Advances in reverse engineering make it challenging to deploy any on-chip information in a way that is hidden from a determined attacker. A variety of techniques have been proposed for design obfuscation including look-alike cells in which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-10-26 Shahrzad Keshavarz , Daniel Holcomb

Code obfuscation is widely adopted in modern software development to protect intellectual property and hinder reverse engineering, but it also provides attackers with a powerful means to conceal malicious logic inside otherwise legitimate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Francesco Pagano , Lorenzo Pisu , Leonardo Regano , Davide Maiorca , Alessio Merlo , Giorgio Giacinto

Globalization in the semiconductor industry enables fabless design houses to reduce their costs, save time, and make use of newer technologies. However, the offshoring of Integrated Circuit (IC) fabrication has negative sides, including…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Mohammad Eslami , Tara Ghasempouri , Samuel Pagliarini

This paper proposes a new obfuscation technique of a communication protocol that is aimed at making the reverse engineering of the protocol more complex. The obfuscation is based on the transformation of protocol message format…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-26 Julien Duchene , Eric Alata , Vincent Nicomette , Mohamed Kaâniche , Colas Le Guernic

Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) is one of the most prominently deployed mitigations against memory corruption attacks. ASLR randomly shuffles program virtual addresses to prevent attackers from knowing the location of program…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Shixin Song , Joseph Zhang , Mengjia Yan

Occlusion in face recognition is a common yet challenging problem. While sparse representation based classification (SRC) has been shown promising performance in laboratory conditions (i.e. noiseless or random pixel corrupted), it performs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-07-28 Yandong Wen , Weiyang Liu , Meng Yang , Yuli Fu , Youjun Xiang , Rui Hu

Gate camouflaging is a technique for obfuscating the function of a circuit against reverse engineering attacks. However, if an adversary has pre-existing knowledge about the set of functions that are viable for an application, random…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-03-03 Shahrzad Keshavarz , Christof Paar , Daniel Holcomb

The adversarial robustness of a model is its ability to resist adversarial attacks in the form of small perturbations to input data. Universal adversarial attack methods such as Fast Sign Gradient Method (FSGM) and Projected Gradient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Xiaohu Lu , Hayder Radha

Program obfuscation is increasingly popular among malware creators. Objectively comparing different malware detection approaches with respect to their resilience against obfuscation is challenging. To the best of our knowledge, there is no…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-02-16 Sebastian Banescu , Tobias Wüchner , Marius Guggenmos , Martín Ochoa , Alexander Pretschner

State-of-the-art attacks against cyclic logic obfuscation use satisfiability solvers that are equipped with a set of cycle avoidance clauses. These cycle avoidance clauses are generated in a pre-processing step and define various key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Shervin Roshanisefat , Hadi Mardani Kamali , Houman Homayoun , Avesta Sasan
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