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An interesting open problem in number theory asks whether it is possible to walk to infinity on primes, where each term in the sequence has one more digit than the previous. In this paper, we study its variation where we walk on the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-30 Steven J. Miller , Fei Peng , Tudor Popescu , Nawapan Wattanawanichkul

An interesting question, known as the Gaussian moat problem, asks whether it is possible to walk to infinity on Gaussian primes with steps of bounded length. Our work examines a similar situation in the real quadratic integer ring…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-01-31 Bencheng Li , Steven J. Miller , Tudor Popescu , Daniel Sarnecki , Nawapan Wattanawanichkul

In recent years, computer simulations are playing a fundamental role in unveiling some of the most intriguing features of prime numbers. In this work, we define an algorithm for a deterministic walk through a two-dimensional grid that we…

In our previous work, we defined a prime walk (PW) on a square grid and presented several intriguing numerical results. Here, we demonstrate the main conjecture presented there, namely, that the area covered by the prime walk is unbounded.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-19 Alberto Fraile , Daniel Fernández , Roberto Martínez , Theophanes E. Raptis

Building on the work of Miller et al. [Fibonacci Quarterly, 2022], we show that it is impossible to "walk to infinity" along the Fibonacci sequence in any integer base $b\geq 2$ when at most $N$ digits are appended per step. Our proof…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-09 Scott Duke Kominers

The Gaussian Moat Problem asks whether it is possible to walk from the origin to infinity in the complex plane using only Gaussian primes as stepstones and steps of bounded length. We prove that this is not possible.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-18 Johann Christian Stumpenhusen

This elementary treatment first summarizes extreme values of a Bernoulli random walk on the one-dimensional integer lattice over a finite discrete time interval. Both the symmetric (unbiased) and asymmetric (biased) cases are discussed.…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2018-02-14 Steven R. Finch

We introduce the notion of a "random basic walk" on an infinite graph, give numerous examples, list potential applications, and provide detailed comparisons between the random basic walk and existing generalizations of simple random walks.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-08-06 David White

We study, from the viewpoint of metrical number theory and (infinite) ergodic theory, the probabilistic laws governing the occurrence of prime numbers as digits in continued fraction expansions of real numbers.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-09-29 Tanja I. Schindler , Roland Zweimüller

We prove strong theorems for the local time at infinity of a nearest neighbor transient random walk. First, laws of the iterated logarithm are given for the large values of the local time. Then we investigate the length of intervals over…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-07-06 Endre Csáki , Antónia Földes , Pál Révész

Directed covers of finite graphs are also known as periodic trees or trees with finitely many cone types. We expand the existing theory of directed covers of finite graphs to those of infinite graphs. While the lower growth rate still…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-10-05 Lorenz A. Gilch , Sebastian Müller

We introduce a method for showing that there exist prime numbers which are very close together. The method depends on the level of distribution of primes in arithmetic progressions. Assuming the Elliott-Halberstam conjecture, we prove that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 D. A. Goldston , J. Pintz , C. Y. Yildirim

The position density of a "particle" performing a continuous-time quantum walk on the integer lattice, viewed on length scales inversely proportional to the time t, converges (as t tends to infinity) to a probability distribution that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Alex D. Gottlieb

We study continuous time quantum walk on a random comb graph with infinite teeth. Due to localization effects along the spine, the walk cannot go to infinity in the spine direction, while it can escape to infinity along the teeth of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-02 François David , Thordur Jonsson

We study analogies between the rational integers on the real line and the Gaussian integers on other lines in the complex plane. This includes a Gaussian analog of Bertrands Postulate, the Chinese Remainder Theorem, and the periodicity of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-16 Elsa Magness , Brian Nugent , Leanne Robertson

We study continuous time quantum random walk on a comb with infinite teeth and show that the return probability to the starting point decays with time $t$ as $t^{-1}$. We analyse the diffusion along the spine and into the teeth and show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-16 Francois David , Thordur Jonsson

We revisit an old minor topic in algorithms, the deterministic walk on a finite graph which always moves toward the nearest unvisited vertex until every vertex is visited. There is an elementary connection between this cover time and…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-19 David Aldous

We consider walks on the edges of the square lattice $\mathbb Z^2$ which obey \emph{two-step rules,} which allow (or forbid) steps in a given direction to be followed by steps in another direction. We classify these rules according to a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-15 Nicholas R. Beaton

The presence of temporal correlations in random movement trajectories is a widespread phenomenon across biological, chemical and physical systems. The ubiquity of persistent and anti-persistent motion in many natural and synthetic systems…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-07-03 Daniel Marris , Luca Giuggioli

Two infinite walks on the same finite graph are called compatible if it is possible to introduce delays into them in such a way that they never collide. Years ago, Peter Winkler asked the question: for which graphs are two independent walks…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-04-20 Peter Gacs
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