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Young planetary systems are subjected to different dynamical effects that can influence their orbital structure over time. In systems with more than one planet, other planets can internally influence each other, e.g. via planet-planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-07 Christina Schoettler , James E Owen

We describe properties and gravitational interactions of meteor-mass and greater compact ultra dense objects with nuclear density or greater (CUDO s). We discuss possible enclosure of CUDO s in comets, stability of these objects on impact…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-03-20 J. Rafelski , Ch. Dietl , L. Labun

Several physical mechanisms are involved in excavating granular materials beneath a vertical jet of gas. These occur, for example, beneath the exhaust plume of a rocket landing on the soil of the Moon or Mars. A series of experiments and…

The chemical environments of young planets are assumed to be largely influenced by impacts of bodies lingering on unstable trajectories after the dissolution of the protoplanetary disk. We explore the chemical consequences of impacts within…

The orbital distributions of dust particles in interplanetary space are inferred from several meteoroid data sets under the constraints imposed by the orbital evolution of the particles due to the planetary gravity and Poynting-Robertson…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-11 Valeri V. Dikarev , Eberhard Grün , William J. Baggaley , David P. Galligan , Markus Landgraf , Rüdiger Jehn

Global scale impacts modify the physical or thermal state of a substantial fraction of a target asteroid. Specific effects include accretion, family formation, reshaping, mixing and layering, shock and frictional heating, fragmentation,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 Erik Asphaug , Gareth Collins , Martin Jutzi

White dwarf planetary systems provide a unique way to measure the bulk composition of exoplanetary material. Extrasolar asteroids/comets/moons which have survived the evolution of their host star can end up in the atmosphere of the white…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-25 Siyi Xu , Laura K. Rogers , Simon Blouin

Various problems of the formation and evolution of planetary systems are studied. Most of the studies are devoted to the Solar System. The collapse of the presolar cloud and the accumulation of planets are studied. The author considers the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-15 S. I. Ipatov

A review of the results on the migration of celestial bodies in the Solar System and in some exoplanetary systems is presented. Some problems of planet accumulation and migration of planetesimals, small bodies and dust in the forming and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-11 S. I. Ipatov

After the prediction of meteor showers in the Earth's atmosphere caused by the particles originating in the nucleus of comet 21P/Giacobini-Zinner, we went on with the prediction of showers on the other three terrestrial planets. Based on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-09 Dušan Tomko , Luboš Neslušan

The physical composition and structure of meteoroids gives us insight into the formation processes of their parent asteroids and comets. The strength of and fundamental grain sizes in meteoroids tell us about the environment in which small…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-10 Margaret D. Campbell-Brown

We study the interaction between the atmospheres of Venus-like, non-magnetized exoplanets orbiting an M-dwarf star, and the stellar wind using a multi-species Magnetohydrodynaic (MHD) model. We focus our investigation on the effect of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 O. Cohen , Y. Ma , J. J. Drake , A. Glocer , C. Garraffo , J. M. Bell , T. I. Gombosi

Most of the observed extrasolar planets are found on tight and often eccentric orbits. The high eccentricities are not easily explained by planet-formation models, which predict that planets should be on rather circular orbits. Here we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Daniel Malmberg , Melvyn B. Davies , Douglas C. Heggie

While it may seem counterintuitive that X-ray astronomy should give any insights into low-temperature planetary systems, planets orbit stars whose magnetized surfaces divert a small fraction of the stellar energy into high energy products:…

We present a comprehensive theory of the spectra and atmospheres of irradiated extrasolar giant planets. We explore the dependences on stellar type, orbital distance, cloud characteristics, planet mass, and surface gravity. Phase-averaged…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 David Sudarsky , Adam Burrows , Ivan Hubeny

Planets with non-zero obliquity and/or orbital eccentricity experience seasonal variations of stellar irradiation at local latitudes. The extent of the atmospheric response can be crudely estimated by the ratio between the orbital timescale…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-22 Xianyu Tan

Eccentricity is an important orbital parameter. Understanding its effect on planetary climate and habitability is critical for us to search for a habitable world beyond our solar system. The orbital configurations of M-dwarf planets are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-05 Yuwei Wang , Yonggang Liu , Feng Tian , Yongyun Hu , Yi Huang

Observations of exoplanet atmospheres have shown that aerosols, like in the Solar System, are common across a variety of temperatures and planet types. The formation and distribution of these aerosols are inextricably intertwined with the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-05 Peter Gao , Hannah R. Wakeford , Sarah E. Moran , Vivien Parmentier

Planets that form early enough to be embedded in the circumstellar gas disk accumulate thick atmospheres of nebular gas. Models of these atmospheres need to specify the surface luminosity (i.e. energy loss rate) of the planet. This…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-10 Florian Ragossnig , Alexander Stökl , Ernst Dorfi , Colin P. Johnstone , Daniel Steiner , Manuel Güdel

The problem of the formation of the Moon is still not explained satisfactorily. While it is a generally accepted scenario that the last giant impact on Earth between some 50 to 100 million years after the starting of the formation of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-01 Rudolf Dvorak , Birgit Loibnegger , Thomas I. Maindl