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Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) for downstream tasks is an essential stage of modern AI deployment. Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as the dominant fine-tuning paradigm, underpinning many state-of-the-art LLMs. In contrast,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xin Qiu , Yulu Gan , Conor F. Hayes , Qiyao Liang , Yinggan Xu , Roberto Dailey , Elliot Meyerson , Babak Hodjat , Risto Miikkulainen

In this work, we build on recent advances in distributional reinforcement learning to give a generally applicable, flexible, and state-of-the-art distributional variant of DQN. We achieve this by using quantile regression to approximate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-20 Will Dabney , Georg Ostrovski , David Silver , Rémi Munos

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has achieved impressive performance in many complex environments due to the integration with Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). At the same time, Genetic Algorithms (GAs), often seen as a competing approach to RL, had…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Cristian Bodnar , Ben Day , Pietro Lió

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents often fail to generalize to unseen environments (yet semantically similar to trained agents), particularly when they are trained on high-dimensional state spaces, such as images. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Kimin Lee , Kibok Lee , Jinwoo Shin , Honglak Lee

Reinforcement Learning (RL) enables an intelligent agent to optimise its performance in a task by continuously taking action from an observed state and receiving a feedback from the environment in form of rewards. RL typically uses tables…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Alberto Castagna

Autonomous multi-agent systems such as hospital robots and package delivery drones often operate in highly uncertain environments and are expected to achieve complex temporal task objectives while ensuring safety. While learning-based…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Sheryl Paul , Anand Balakrishnan , Xin Qin , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh

Reinforcement learning algorithms in multi-agent systems deliver highly resilient and adaptable solutions for common problems in telecommunications,aerospace, and industrial robotics. However, achieving an optimal global goal remains a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Changgang Zheng , Shufan Yang , Juan Parra-Ullauri , Antonio Garcia-Dominguez , Nelly Bencomo

In this paper we investigate a neural network model in which weights between computational nodes are modified according to a local learning rule. To determine whether local learning rules are sufficient for learning, we encode the network…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Jonathan Baxter

We have developed a model for online continual or lifelong reinforcement learning (RL) inspired on the insect brain. Our model leverages the offline training of a feature extraction and a common general policy layer to enable the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Angel Yanguas-Gil , Sandeep Madireddy

At present, designing convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures requires both human expertise and labor. New architectures are handcrafted by careful experimentation or modified from a handful of existing networks. We introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-24 Bowen Baker , Otkrist Gupta , Nikhil Naik , Ramesh Raskar

Evolutionary Computation has been successfully used to synthesise controllers for embodied agents and multi-agent systems in general. Notwithstanding this, continuous on-line adaptation by the means of evolutionary algorithms is still…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-07-04 Davide Nunes , Luis Antunes

We propose Deep Q-Networks (DQN) with model-based exploration, an algorithm combining both model-free and model-based approaches that explores better and learns environments with sparse rewards more efficiently. DQN is a general-purpose,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-25 Stephen Zhen Gou , Yuyang Liu

The modeling of time series is becoming increasingly critical in a wide variety of applications. Overall, data evolves by following different patterns, which are generally caused by different user behaviors. Given a time series, we define…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Wenjie Hu , Jianping Huang , Liang Wu , Yang Yang , Zongtao Liu , Zhanlin Sun , Bingshen Yao , Ke Chen

Feature transformation aims to reconstruct the feature space of raw features to enhance the performance of downstream models. However, the exponential growth in the combinations of features and operations poses a challenge, making it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Nanxu Gong , Chandan K. Reddy , Wangyang Ying , Haifeng Chen , Yanjie Fu

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) and Evolution Strategies (ESs) have surpassed human-level control in many sequential decision-making problems, yet many open challenges still exist. To get insights into the strengths and weaknesses of DRL…

There are two common approaches for optimizing the performance of a machine: genetic algorithms and machine learning. A genetic algorithm is applied over many generations whereas machine learning works by applying feedback until the system…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-01 Leigh Sheneman , Arend Hintze

A generic and scalable Reinforcement Learning scheme for Artificial Neural Networks is presented, providing a general purpose learning machine. By reference to a node threshold three features are described 1) A mechanism for Primary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-01-17 Thomas H. Ward

The advent of artificial intelligence technology paved the way of many researches to be made within air combat sector. Academicians and many other researchers did a research on a prominent research direction called autonomous maneuver…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Muhammed Murat Ozbek , Emre Koyuncu

Linear Genetic Programming (LGP) is a powerful technique that allows for a variety of problems to be solved using a linear representation of programs. However, there still exists some limitations to the technique, such as the need for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Urmzd Mukhammadnaim

As Large Language Models (LLMs) move from curated training sets into open-ended real-world environments, a fundamental limitation emerges: static training cannot keep pace with continual deployment environment change. Scaling training-time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Minhua Lin , Hanqing Lu , Zhan Shi , Bing He , Rui Mao , Zhiwei Zhang , Zongyu Wu , Xianfeng Tang , Hui Liu , Zhenwei Dai , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang , Benoit Dumoulin , Jian Pei