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Speech recognition on smart devices is challenging owing to the small memory footprint. Hence small size ASR models are desirable. With the use of popular transducer-based models, it has become possible to practically deploy streaming…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-11 Nauman Dawalatabad , Tushar Vatsal , Ashutosh Gupta , Sungsoo Kim , Shatrughan Singh , Dhananjaya Gowda , Chanwoo Kim

Real-time automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems face a fundamental trade-off between transcription accuracy and computational efficiency, particularly when deploying large-scale transformer models like Whisper. Existing streaming…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Erfan Ramezani , Mohammad Mahdi Giahi , Mohammad Erfan Zarabadipour , Amir Reza Yosefian , Hamid Ghadiri

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, increasingly prevalent in education, healthcare, employment, and mobile technology, face significant challenges in inclusivity, particularly for the 80 million-strong global community of people…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Dena Mujtaba , Nihar R. Mahapatra , Megan Arney , J. Scott Yaruss , Hope Gerlach-Houck , Caryn Herring , Jia Bin

With the recent advances in technology, automatic speech recognition (ASR) has been widely used in real-world applications. The efficiency of converting large amounts of speech into text accurately with limited resources has become more…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-09 Yoo Rhee Oh , Kiyoung Park , Jeon Gyu Park

End-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR), unlike conventional ASR, does not have modules to learn the semantic representation from speech encoder. Moreover, the higher frame-rate of speech representation prevents the model to learn the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Md Akmal Haidar , Chao Xing , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh

Large encoder-decoder models like Whisper achieve strong offline transcription but remain impractical for streaming applications due to high latency. However, due to the accessibility of pre-trained checkpoints, the open Thai ASR landscape…

The Streaming Unmixing and Recognition Transducer (SURT) has recently become a popular framework for continuous, streaming, multi-talker speech recognition (ASR). With advances in architecture, objectives, and mixture simulation methods, it…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-30 Desh Raj , Matthew Wiesner , Matthew Maciejewski , Leibny Paola Garcia-Perera , Daniel Povey , Sanjeev Khudanpur

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) models are normally trained to operate over single utterances, with a short duration of less than 30 seconds. This choice has been made in part due to computational constraints, but also reflects a common,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-11 Robert Flynn , Anton Ragni

Voice-enabled commercial products are ubiquitous, typically enabled by lightweight on-device keyword spotting (KWS) and full automatic speech recognition (ASR) in the cloud. ASR systems require significant computational resources in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-20 Raphael Tang , Gefei Yang , Hong Wei , Yajie Mao , Ferhan Ture , Jimmy Lin

State-of-the-art large-scale universal speech models (USMs) show a decent automatic speech recognition (ASR) performance across multiple domains and languages. However, it remains a challenge for these models to recognize overlapped speech,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-31 Chenda Li , Yao Qian , Zhuo Chen , Naoyuki Kanda , Dongmei Wang , Takuya Yoshioka , Yanmin Qian , Michael Zeng

Subtitles are essential for video accessibility and audience engagement. Modern Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems, built upon Encoder-Decoder neural network architectures and trained on massive amounts of data, have progressively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Alessandro Lucca , Francesco Pierri

We introduce Speech ReaLLM, a new ASR architecture that marries "decoder-only" ASR with the RNN-T to make multimodal LLM architectures capable of real-time streaming. This is the first "decoder-only" ASR architecture designed to handle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Frank Seide , Morrie Doulaty , Yangyang Shi , Yashesh Gaur , Junteng Jia , Chunyang Wu

In streaming automatic speech recognition (ASR), it is desirable to reduce latency as much as possible while having minimum impact on recognition accuracy. Although a few existing methods are able to achieve this goal, they are difficult to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-02 Wei Kang , Zengwei Yao , Fangjun Kuang , Liyong Guo , Xiaoyu Yang , Long lin , Piotr Żelasko , Daniel Povey

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) has witnessed remarkable progress in recent years, largely driven by the emergence of LLM-based ASR paradigm. Despite their strong performance on a variety of open-source benchmarks, existing LLM-based ASR…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Zheshu Song , Lu Wang , Wei Deng , Zhuo Yang , Yong Wu , Bin Xia

End-to-end (E2E) models fold the acoustic, pronunciation and language models of a conventional speech recognition model into one neural network with a much smaller number of parameters than a conventional ASR system, thus making it suitable…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-14 Bo Li , Shuo-yiin Chang , Tara N. Sainath , Ruoming Pang , Yanzhang He , Trevor Strohman , Yonghui Wu

In this paper, a multilingual end-to-end framework, called as ATCSpeechNet, is proposed to tackle the issue of translating communication speech into human-readable text in air traffic control (ATC) systems. In the proposed framework, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Yi Lin , Bo Yang , Linchao Li , Dongyue Guo , Jianwei Zhang , Hu Chen , Yi Zhang

End-to-end models for robust automatic speech recognition (ASR) have not been sufficiently well-explored in prior work. With end-to-end models, one could choose to preprocess the input speech using speech enhancement techniques and train…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-15 Archiki Prasad , Preethi Jyothi , Rajbabu Velmurugan

In recent years, automatic speech recognition (ASR) has witnessed transformative advancements driven by three complementary paradigms: data scaling, model size scaling, and deep integration with large language models (LLMs). However, LLMs…

OpenAI Whisper is a family of robust Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models trained on 680,000 hours of audio. However, its encoder-decoder architecture, trained with a sequence-to-sequence objective, lacks native support for streaming…

Recently self-supervised learning has emerged as an effective approach to improve the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR). Under such a framework, the neural network is usually pre-trained with massive unlabeled data and then…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-16 Songjun Cao , Yueteng Kang , Yanzhe Fu , Xiaoshuo Xu , Sining Sun , Yike Zhang , Long Ma