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Uncertainty estimation is essential to make neural networks trustworthy in real-world applications. Extensive research efforts have been made to quantify and reduce predictive uncertainty. However, most existing works are designed for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Myong Chol Jung , He Zhao , Joanna Dipnall , Belinda Gabbe , Lan Du

We consider the problem of detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples in deep reinforcement learning. In a value based reinforcement learning setting, we propose to use uncertainty estimation techniques directly on the agent's value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-09 Andreas Sedlmeier , Thomas Gabor , Thomy Phan , Lenz Belzner , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien

Deep neural networks are becoming increasingly powerful and large and always require more labelled data to be trained. However, since annotating data is time-consuming, it is now necessary to develop systems that show good performance while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Mélodie Boillet , Christopher Kermorvant , Thierry Paquet

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are often coupled with physics-based models or data-driven surrogate models to perform fault detection and health monitoring of systems in the low data regime. These models serve as digital twins to generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Laya Das , Blazhe Gjorgiev , Giovanni Sansavini

The use of Deep Neural Network (DNN) models in risk-based decision-making has attracted extensive attention with broad applications in medical, finance, manufacturing, and quality control. To mitigate prediction-related risks in decision…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-11 Maryam Kheirandish , Shengfan Zhang , Donald G. Catanzaro , Valeriu Crudu

This paper proposes a computational method to efficiently and quickly estimate stability regions of droop control slopes for modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based multiterminal dc (MTDC) systems. The proposed method is based on a general…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-08 Yuntao Zou , Lei Zhang , Jiangchao Qin

This paper studies the robust optimal operation of distribution networks (DNs) under renewable generation and load demand uncertainties, seeking an improved trade-off between robustness and economic performance. Building upon information…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-28 Zhisheng Xiong , Dimitris Boskos , Bo Zeng , Peter Palensky , Pedro P. Vergara

The deployment of deep neural networks in safety-critical systems necessitates reliable and efficient uncertainty quantification (UQ). A practical and widespread strategy for UQ is repurposing stochastic regularizers as scalable approximate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Adam T. Müller , Tobias Rögelein , Nicolaj C. Stache

Building robust deterministic neural networks remains a challenge. On the one hand, some approaches improve out-of-distribution detection at the cost of reducing classification accuracy in some situations. On the other hand, some methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 David Macêdo , Cleber Zanchettin , Teresa Ludermir

Dynamic neural networks are a recent technique that promises a remedy for the increasing size of modern deep learning models by dynamically adapting their computational cost to the difficulty of the inputs. In this way, the model can adjust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Lassi Meronen , Martin Trapp , Andrea Pilzer , Le Yang , Arno Solin

Existing variance reduction techniques used in stochastic simulations for rare event analysis still require a substantial number of model evaluations to estimate small failure probabilities. In the context of complex, nonlinear finite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Liuyun Xu , Seymour M. J. Spence

Time series forecasting in real-world applications requires both high predictive accuracy and interpretable uncertainty quantification. Traditional point prediction methods often fail to capture the inherent uncertainty in time series data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zhen Zhou , Zhirui Wang , Qi Hong , Yunyang Shi , Ziyuan Gu , Zhiyuan Liu

Accurate estimation of aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty is crucial to build safe and reliable systems. Traditional approaches, such as dropout and ensemble methods, estimate uncertainty by sampling probability predictions from different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Bertrand Charpentier , Daniel Zügner , Stephan Günnemann

Traditional deep learning (DL) models are powerful classifiers, but many approaches do not provide uncertainties for their estimates. Uncertainty quantification (UQ) methods for DL models have received increased attention in the literature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Daniel Ries , Joshua Michalenko , Tyler Ganter , Rashad Imad-Fayez Baiyasi , Jason Adams

Probabilistic circuits (PCs) are models that allow exact and tractable probabilistic inference. In contrast to neural networks, they are often assumed to be well-calibrated and robust to out-of-distribution (OOD) data. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Fabrizio Ventola , Steven Braun , Zhongjie Yu , Martin Mundt , Kristian Kersting

The problem of detecting whether a test sample is from in-distribution (i.e., training distribution by a classifier) or out-of-distribution sufficiently different from it arises in many real-world machine learning applications. However, the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-27 Kimin Lee , Honglak Lee , Kibok Lee , Jinwoo Shin

The widespread use of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) has recently resulted in their application to challenging scientific visualization tasks. While advanced DNNs demonstrate impressive generalization abilities, understanding factors like…

Graphics · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Atul Kumar , Siddharth Garg , Soumya Dutta

The vast majority of uncertainty quantification methods for deep object detectors such as variational inference are based on the network output. Here, we study gradient-based epistemic uncertainty metrics for deep object detectors to obtain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Tobias Riedlinger , Matthias Rottmann , Marius Schubert , Hanno Gottschalk

Multilevel sampling methods, such as multilevel and multifidelity Monte Carlo, multilevel stochastic collocation, or delayed acceptance Markov chain Monte Carlo, have become standard uncertainty quantification (UQ) tools for a wide class of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-01 Josef Martínek , Erin Carson , Robert Scheichl

Deep Learning is a consolidated, state-of-the-art Machine Learning tool to fit a function when provided with large data sets of examples. However, in regression tasks, the straightforward application of Deep Learning models provides a point…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-25 Axel Brando , Jose A. Rodríguez-Serrano , Mauricio Ciprian , Roberto Maestre , Jordi Vitrià